Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Bakersfield.
Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Fullerton.
J Athl Train. 2020 Dec 1;55(12):1262-1269. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-0532.19.
Running-related injuries are common in distance runners. Strength training is used for performance enhancement and injury prevention. However, the association between maximal strength and distance-running biomechanics is unclear.
To determine the relationship between maximal knee- and hip-extensor strength and running biomechanics previously associated with injury risk.
Cross-sectional study.
Research laboratory.
A total of 36 collegiate distance runners (26 men, 10 women; age = 20.0 ± 1.5 years, height = 1.74 ± 0.09 m, mass = 61.97 ± 8.26 kg).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Strength was assessed using the 1-repetition maximum (1RM) back squat and maximal voluntary isometric contractions of the knee extensors and hip extensors. Three-dimensional running biomechanics were assessed overground at a self-selected speed. Running variables were the peak instantaneous vertical loading rate; peak forward trunk-lean angle; knee-flexion, internal-rotation, and -abduction angles and internal moments; and hip-extension, internal-rotation, and -adduction angles and internal moments. Separate stepwise linear regression models were used to examine the associations between strength and biomechanical outcomes (ΔR2) after accounting for sex, running speed, and foot-strike index.
Greater 1RM back-squat strength was associated with a larger peak knee-flexion angle (ΔR2 = 0.110, ΔP = .045) and smaller peak knee internal-rotation angle (ΔR2 = 0.127, ΔP = .03) and internal-rotation moment (ΔR2 = 0.129, ΔP = .03) after accounting for sex, speed, and foot-strike index. No associations were found between 1RM back-squat strength and vertical loading rate, trunk lean, or hip kinematics and kinetics. Hip- and knee-extensor maximal voluntary isometric contractions were also not associated with any biomechanical variables.
Greater 1RM back-squat strength was weakly associated with a larger peak knee-flexion angle and smaller knee internal-rotation angle and moment in collegiate distance runners. Runners who are weaker in the back-squat exercise may exhibit running biomechanics associated with the development of knee-related injuries.
跑步相关损伤在长跑运动员中很常见。力量训练用于提高表现和预防损伤。然而，最大力量与长跑生物力学之间的关系尚不清楚。
确定与受伤风险相关的最大膝关节和髋关节伸肌力量与跑步生物力学之间的关系。
横断面研究。
研究实验室。
共 36 名大学生长跑运动员（26 名男性，10 名女性；年龄=20.0±1.5 岁，身高=1.74±0.09 m，体重=61.97±8.26 kg）。
使用 1 次重复最大（1RM）深蹲和最大自主等长收缩评估力量，评估膝关节伸展和髋关节伸展。在地面上以自我选择的速度进行三维跑步生物力学评估。跑步变量为峰值瞬时垂直加载率；峰值前躯干倾斜角；膝关节屈曲、内旋和外展角度和内力矩；以及髋关节伸展、内旋和外展角度和内力矩。分别使用逐步线性回归模型，在考虑性别、跑步速度和足触地指数后，检查力量与生物力学结果（ΔR2）之间的关联。
1RM 深蹲力量较大与较大的峰值膝关节屈曲角度（ΔR2=0.110，ΔP=0.045）和较小的峰值膝关节内旋角度（ΔR2=0.127，ΔP=0.03）和内旋力矩（ΔR2=0.129，ΔP=0.03）相关，考虑到性别、速度和足触地指数。1RM 深蹲力量与垂直加载率、躯干倾斜或髋关节运动学和动力学之间没有关联。髋关节和膝关节伸肌最大自主等长收缩也与任何生物力学变量无关。
大学生长跑运动员的 1RM 深蹲力量较大与较大的峰值膝关节屈曲角度和较小的膝关节内旋角度和力矩相关。深蹲力量较弱的跑步者可能表现出与膝关节相关损伤发展相关的跑步生物力学。
