Nguyen Hoa H, Wu Feitong, Oddy Wendy H, Wills Karen, Brennan-Olsen Sharon L, Jones Graeme, Winzenberg Tania
Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool Street, Hobart, 7000, TAS, Australia.
Ho Chi Minh City University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 217 Hong Bang Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2021 May;75(5):759-767. doi: 10.1038/s41430-020-00802-4. Epub 2020 Nov 16.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To derive dietary patterns and examine their longitudinal associations with sociodemographic and lifestyle factors in the Tasmanian Older Adult Cohort.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: This is a corrected analysis of a retracted paper. We followed 1098 adults aged ≥50 years for 5 years. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Baseline dietary patterns were identified using exploratory factor analysis and scores at each time point calculated using the weighted sum score method. Associations of energy-adjusted dietary pattern scores with participant characteristics were assessed using linear mixed-effects models.
The four dietary patterns identified were: fruit and vegetable (vegetables, potatoes, fruits); animal protein (poultry, red meats, fish); snack (snacks, sweets, nuts); western (meat pies, hamburgers, pizzas). Fruit and vegetable pattern scores were lower in men and current smokers at baseline. Animal protein scores were lower in older and retired people but higher in men and smokers at baseline. The sex difference in animal protein score increased over time (p = 0.012). At baseline, snack score was positively associated with age and physical activity, but lower in men and current smokers. The effect of age on snack score lessened over time (p = 0.035). Western scores were lower in older people but higher in men, current smokers and those living in disadvantaged areas at baseline. The effect of age on western score reduced over time (p = 0.001).
The higher scores for healthy and/or lower scores for unhealthy patterns in men, smokers, retirees and those experiencing social disadvantage suggest these could be target groups for interventions to improve diet quality in older adults.
背景/目的：在塔斯马尼亚老年人群队列中推导饮食模式，并研究其与社会人口学和生活方式因素的纵向关联。
对象/方法：这是对一篇撤回论文的校正分析。我们对1098名年龄≥50岁的成年人进行了5年的随访。使用经过验证的食物频率问卷评估饮食摄入量。通过探索性因素分析确定基线饮食模式，并使用加权总分法计算每个时间点的得分。使用线性混合效应模型评估能量调整后的饮食模式得分与参与者特征之间的关联。
确定的四种饮食模式为：水果和蔬菜（蔬菜、土豆、水果）；动物蛋白（家禽、红肉、鱼类）；零食（零食、糖果、坚果）；西式（肉馅饼、汉堡包、披萨）。水果和蔬菜模式得分在基线时男性和当前吸烟者中较低。动物蛋白得分在老年人和退休人员中较低，但在基线时男性和吸烟者中较高。动物蛋白得分的性别差异随时间增加（p = 0.012）。在基线时，零食得分与年龄和身体活动呈正相关，但在男性和当前吸烟者中较低。年龄对零食得分的影响随时间减弱（p = 0.035）。西式得分在老年人中较低，但在基线时男性、当前吸烟者和生活在贫困地区的人群中较高。年龄对西式得分的影响随时间降低（p = 0.001）。
男性、吸烟者、退休人员以及处于社会不利地位的人群中健康模式得分较高和/或不健康模式得分较低，这表明这些人群可能是改善老年人饮食质量干预措施的目标群体。
