Applied Chemistry Laboratory, College of Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
Environ Geochem Health. 2021 May;43(5):1941-1952. doi: 10.1007/s10653-020-00776-z. Epub 2020 Nov 17.
In this case, the dissipation and residues of imidacloprid as well as its control efficacy against aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover) in cotton cropping system were reported. After the final spray at the rates of 10.5-42.5 g a.i. ha, the initial deposits were 0.59-2.25 mg kg with half-lives of 2.12-2.84 days on leaves and 0.06-0.21 mg kg with half-lives of 1.51-4.20 days in soil, respectively. The initial residues were significantly higher with longer persistence in the upper position of the leaf than in middle and lower positions. The different application dosages could induce a significant difference in the initial deposits, but not show consistent correlation with the dissipation rate. The repeated applications of imidacloprid could alter its residue levels and dissipation rates. The long-term residue concentrations of imidacloprid (60 days after the final application) reached to the nondetectable level in soil. Combined with the control efficacy results, it was considered that the recommended dose of imidacloprid on cotton could be used effectively and safe in this arid area from the view of crop protection and environmental contamination.
本研究报道了在棉花种植系统中，吡虫啉的消解和残留及其对棉蚜（Aphis gossypii Glover）的防治效果。在以 10.5-42.5 g a.i. ha 的终浓度施药后，叶片上的初始沉积量为 0.59-2.25 mg kg，半衰期为 2.12-2.84 天，土壤中的初始沉积量为 0.06-0.21 mg kg，半衰期为 1.51-4.20 天。叶片上部的初始残留量明显高于中部和下部，且残留时间较长。不同的施药剂量会导致初始沉积量有显著差异，但与消解速率没有一致的相关性。吡虫啉的重复施药会改变其残留水平和消解速率。末次施药 60 天后，土壤中吡虫啉的长期残留浓度达到无法检出的水平。结合防治效果的结果，从保护作物和防止环境污染的角度考虑，在干旱地区推荐的棉花施药量是有效且安全的。
