DAFNAE, University of Padova, Padova, Legnaro, 35020, Italy.
Di4A-Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy.
Ecol Lett. 2021 Feb;24(2):288-297. doi: 10.1111/ele.13642. Epub 2020 Nov 17.
Measuring habitat specialisation is pivotal for predicting species extinctions and for understanding consequences on ecosystem functioning. Here, we sampled pollinator and natural enemy communities in all major habitat types occurring across multiple agricultural landscapes and used species-habitat networks to determine how habitat specialisation changed along gradients in landscape composition and configuration. Although it is well known that landscape simplification often causes the replacement of specialists with generalists, our study provided evidence for intraspecific variation in habitat specialisation, highlighting how a large number of arthropod species adapted their way of selecting habitat resources depending on the landscape structure. Groups with higher diet specialisation and limited foraging flexibility appeared to have a reduced ability to respond to landscape changes, indicating that some arthropod taxa are better able than others to adapt to an increasingly broad set of resources and persist in highly impacted landscapes.
衡量栖息地特化对于预测物种灭绝和理解其对生态系统功能的影响至关重要。在这里，我们在多个农业景观中所有主要的栖息地类型中采样了传粉者和天敌群落，并利用物种-栖息地网络来确定随着景观组成和配置梯度的变化，栖息地特化是如何变化的。尽管众所周知，景观简化通常会导致特化种被广化种所取代，但我们的研究提供了证据表明，栖息地特化在种内存在变异，突出了大量节肢动物物种如何根据景观结构调整其选择栖息地资源的方式。那些具有更高饮食特化和有限觅食灵活性的群体似乎对景观变化的适应能力降低，这表明一些节肢动物类群比其他类群更能够适应越来越广泛的资源，并在高度受干扰的景观中生存。
