Galetta Domenico, Cortes-Dericks Lourdes
Division of Thoracic Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy.
Department of Biology, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
Cancers (Basel). 2020 Nov 14;12(11):3371. doi: 10.3390/cancers12113371.
Despite tremendous efforts to improve the treatment of lung cancer, prognosis still remains poor; hence, the search for efficacious therapeutic option remains a prime concern in lung cancer research. Cell cycle regulation including mitosis has emerged as an important target for cancer management. Novel pharmacological agents blocking the activities of regulatory molecules that control the functional aspects of mitosis such as Aurora kinases are now being investigated. The Aurora kinases, Aurora-A (AURKA), and Aurora B (AURKB) are overexpressed in many tumor entities such as lung cancer that correlate with poor survival, whereby their inhibition, in most cases, enhances the efficacy of chemo-and radiotherapies, indicating their implication in cancer therapy. The current knowledge on Aurora kinase inhibitors has increasingly shown high potential in ensuing targeted therapies in lung malignancies. In this review, we will briefly describe the biology of Aurora kinases, highlight their oncogenic roles in the pre-clinical and clinical studies in lung cancer and, finally, address the challenges and potentials of Aurora kinases to improve the therapy of this malignancy.
尽管在改善肺癌治疗方面付出了巨大努力，但预后仍然很差；因此，寻找有效的治疗方案仍然是肺癌研究的首要关注点。包括有丝分裂在内的细胞周期调控已成为癌症治疗的重要靶点。目前正在研究新型药理剂，这些药剂可阻断控制有丝分裂功能方面的调节分子的活性，如极光激酶。极光激酶，即极光-A（AURKA）和极光-B（AURKB），在许多肿瘤实体（如肺癌）中过度表达，这与生存率低相关，因此在大多数情况下，抑制它们可提高化疗和放疗的疗效，表明它们在癌症治疗中具有重要意义。目前关于极光激酶抑制剂的知识越来越显示出在肺癌靶向治疗中的巨大潜力。在这篇综述中，我们将简要描述极光激酶的生物学特性，强调它们在肺癌临床前和临床研究中的致癌作用，最后探讨极光激酶在改善这种恶性肿瘤治疗方面所面临的挑战和潜力。
