González-Verdejo Clara Isabel, Fernández-Aparicio Mónica, Córdoba Eva María, Nadal Salvador
IFAPA Centro Alameda del Obispo, Área de Genómica y Biotecnología, Apdo. 3092, 14080 Córdoba, Spain.
Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
Plants (Basel). 2020 Nov 13;9(11):1568. doi: 10.3390/plants9111568.
Bitter vetch ( L.) is an ancient grain legume used as animal feed in the Mediterranean basin. This legume has a large economical potential because of its high yield under low inputs and good protein content, as well as resistance to cold and drought. Nevertheless, its growth and production area are affected in the presence of the broomrape weed species . Due to the small bitter vetch size, infection by as few as two or three per vetch plant can be devastating. There are no efficient methods of selectively controlling in this crop, for which reason the development of varieties resistant and tolerant to infection is needed. Phytogenetic resources are valuable reserves for species survival. They represent important genetic variability and allow the possibility of finding characters of interest, such as new resistance sources. A large-scale field screening of a collection of 102 bitter vetch accessions indicated that most bitter vetch accessions were susceptible but allowed us to select 16 accessions with low levels of infection. Next, we used a combination of field and rhizotron experiments to investigate the resistant response of selected bitter vetch genotypes in detail by studying the performance and resistance mechanisms. These experiments led to the identification of three different mechanisms that block parasitism. A pre-attachment mechanism of low induction of germination was identified in two bitter vetch accession Ve.055 and Ve.155. In addition, a post-attachment mechanism of resistance to penetration was identified inthe accession Ve.125. In addition, the field-resistant accession Ve.123 showed susceptible response in rhizotron, indicating that a late mechanism acting after vascular connection, most probably related with bitter vetch of escape due to fructification precocity was acting against development.
苦巢菜（L.）是一种古老的谷物豆类，在地中海盆地用作动物饲料。这种豆类具有很大的经济潜力，因为它在低投入条件下产量高、蛋白质含量高，并且抗寒耐旱。然而，在列当属杂草存在的情况下，其生长和种植面积会受到影响。由于苦巢菜植株体积小，每株苦巢菜仅有两三个列当感染就可能造成毁灭性后果。在这种作物中没有有效的选择性控制列当的方法，因此需要培育抗列当感染和耐受列当感染的品种。植物遗传资源是物种生存的宝贵储备。它们代表着重要的遗传变异性，并有可能找到感兴趣的性状，如新的抗性来源。对102份苦巢菜种质资源进行的大规模田间筛选表明，大多数苦巢菜种质资源易感，但使我们能够选出16份列当感染水平较低的种质资源。接下来，我们结合田间试验和根箱试验，通过研究选定的苦巢菜基因型的表现和抗性机制，详细调查其抗性反应。这些试验导致确定了三种不同的阻止列当寄生的机制。在两份苦巢菜种质资源Ve.055和Ve.155中发现了一种诱导列当萌发率低的附着前机制。此外，在种质资源Ve.125中发现了一种抗列当穿透的附着后机制。此外，田间抗性种质资源Ve.123在根箱中表现出易感反应，这表明在维管束连接后起作用的后期机制，很可能与因结实早熟而逃避列当有关，正在对抗列当的发育。
