Department of Meat Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznan, Poland.
Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090, Lublin, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2020 Nov 17;10(1):19971. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-76944-z.
In recent years, cold-pressed vegetable oils have become very popular on the global market. Therefore, new versatile methods with high sensitivity and specificity are needed to find and combat fraudulent practices. The objective of this study was to identify oilseed species-specific peptide markers, using proteomic techniques, for authentication of 10 cold-pressed oils. In total, over 380 proteins and 1050 peptides were detected in the samples. Among those peptides, 92 were found to be species-specific and unique to coconut, evening primrose, flax, hemp, milk thistle, nigella, pumpkin, rapeseed, sesame, and sunflower oilseed species. Most of the specific peptides were released from major seed storage proteins (11 globulins, 2S albumins), and oleosins. Additionally, the presence of allergenic proteins in the cold-pressed oils, including pumpkin Cuc ma 5, sunflower Hel a 3, and six sesame allergens (Ses i 1, Ses i 2, Ses i 3, Ses i 4, Ses i 6, and Ses i 7) was confirmed in this study. This study provides novel information on specific peptides that will help to monitor and verify the declared composition of cold-pressed oil as well as the presence of food allergens. This study can be useful in the era of widely used unlawful practices.
近年来，冷榨植物油在全球市场上非常受欢迎。因此，需要新的、通用的、具有高灵敏度和特异性的方法来发现和打击欺诈行为。本研究的目的是使用蛋白质组学技术鉴定 10 种冷榨油的油籽种特异性肽标记物。在总共的 380 多种蛋白质和 1050 多种肽中，在样本中检测到。在这些肽中，发现 92 种是椰子、月见草、亚麻、大麻、乳蓟、黑种草、南瓜、油菜籽、芝麻和向日葵油籽特有的物种特异性肽。大多数特异性肽是从主要的种子储存蛋白（11 种球蛋白、2S 白蛋白）和油体蛋白中释放出来的。此外，本研究还证实了冷榨油中存在过敏原蛋白，包括南瓜 Cuc ma 5、向日葵 Hel a 3 以及 6 种芝麻过敏原（Ses i 1、Ses i 2、Ses i 3、Ses i 4、Ses i 6 和 Ses i 7）。本研究提供了有关特异性肽的新信息，这些信息将有助于监测和验证冷榨油的申报成分以及食品过敏原的存在。在广泛使用非法行为的时代，本研究具有一定的实用性。
