Geng Dehui Christina, Innes John, Wu Wanli, Wang Guangyu
Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada.
J For Res (Harbin). 2021;32(2):553-567. doi: 10.1007/s11676-020-01249-w. Epub 2020 Nov 12.
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in over 33 million confirmed cases and over 1 million deaths globally, as of 1 October 2020. During the lockdown and restrictions placed on public activities and gatherings, green spaces have become one of the only sources of resilience amidst the coronavirus pandemic, in part because of their positive effects on psychological, physical and social cohesion and spiritual wellness. This study analyzes the impacts of COVID-19 and government response policies to the pandemic on park visitation at global, regional and national levels and assesses the importance of parks during this global pandemic. The data we collected primarily from Google's Community Mobility Reports and the Oxford Coronavirus Government Response Tracker. The results for most countries included in the analysis show that park visitation has increased since February 16th, 2020 compared to visitor numbers prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Restrictions on social gathering, movement, and the closure of workplace and indoor recreational places, are correlated with more visits to parks. Stay-at-home restrictions and government stringency index are negatively associated with park visits at a global scale. Demand from residents for parks and outdoor green spaces has increased since the outbreak began, and highlights the important role and benefits provided by parks, especially urban and community parks, under the COVID-19 pandemic. We provide recommendations for park managers and other decision-makers in terms of park management and planning during health crises, as well as for park design and development. In particular, parks could be utilized during pandemics to increase the physical and mental health and social well-being of individuals.
截至2020年10月1日，新冠疫情已在全球导致超过3300万例确诊病例和100多万人死亡。在对公共活动和集会实施封锁及限制期间，绿地已成为新冠疫情期间仅有的恢复活力的来源之一，部分原因在于其对心理、身体、社会凝聚力和精神健康产生的积极影响。本研究分析了新冠疫情及政府应对政策在全球、区域和国家层面上对公园游客量的影响，并评估了公园在这场全球大流行期间的重要性。我们收集的数据主要来自谷歌的《社区流动性报告》和牛津大学的《冠状病毒政府应对追踪器》。分析中纳入的大多数国家的结果显示，与新冠疫情之前的游客数量相比，自2020年2月16日以来公园游客量有所增加。对社交聚会、出行的限制以及工作场所和室内娱乐场所的关闭，与更多的公园游览相关。在全球范围内，居家限制和政府严格指数与公园游览呈负相关。自疫情爆发以来，居民对公园和户外绿地的需求增加，这凸显了公园，尤其是城市公园和社区公园在新冠疫情下所发挥的重要作用和带来的益处。我们就健康危机期间的公园管理与规划以及公园设计与开发，为公园管理者和其他决策者提供了建议。特别是在大流行期间，可以利用公园来增进个人的身心健康和社会福祉。
