Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Guangxi Vocational and Technical College, Nanning, China.
Environ Entomol. 2021 Feb 17;50(1):1-11. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvaa144.
The brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), is one of the most serious and destructive pests of rice in Asia. Climate warming in tropical regions and extreme-high- or low-temperature events may become limiting factors affecting the survival and distribution of N. lugens. The effects of continuous high temperature (CHT), discontinuous high temperature (DHT), and abnormal low temperature in summer (ALT) on the growth and development of N. lugens were studied under lab conditions. High temperatures and ALT decreased the survival rate of nymphs (in fourth-instar nymphs, CHT, DHT, ALT, and control survival was 46.67% ± 1.67, 31.67% ± 1.67, 48.33% ± 4.41, and 60.00% ± 2.89, respectively, P < 0.05). ALT also prolonged the development of N. lugens nymphs (in fourth-instar nymphs, ALT and control survival was 6.09 ± 0.193 d and 5.39 ± 0.082 d, respectively, P < 0.05). In fifth-instar nymphs, CHT (2.36 ± 0.064 d, P < 0.05) and DHT (2.34 ± 0.048 d, P < 0.05) had little influence on nymphal development compared with the control (2.25 ± 0.012 d, P < 0.05). The three temperature treatments (CHT, DHT, and ALT) decreased the number of eggs produced (61.33 ± 0.067, 62.67 ± 0.882, and 34.00 ± 0.577, respectively, P < 0.05) compared with the control (68.00 ± 1.000, P < 0.05). The female sex ratio decreased after nymphs were subjected to CHT (65.82% ± 0.771, P < 0.05, in fifth-instar nymphs) and ALT (76.01% ± 1.362, P < 0.05) compared with the control (81.63% ± 1.007, P < 0.05). Adults in CHT (25.30 ± 0.182, P < 0.05) and DHT (14.64 ± 0.238, P < 0.05) consumed significantly more food than the control (11.54 ± 0.181, P < 0.05), but adults in ALT (6.54 ± 0.196, P < 0.05) fed significantly less than the control (11.54 ± 0.181, P < 0.05). Hatching rates of eggs under the three temperature treatments (CHT, DHT, and ALT were 69.57% ± 0.215, 71.29% ± 0.529, and 43.13% ± 0.508, respectively, and were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than the control (78.95% ± 1.000, P < 0.05). These experiments revealed that extreme temperatures can influence the growth and development of N. lugens and may affect its distribution. As such, N. lugens remains a serious pest of rice.
褐飞虱，Nilaparvata lugens（Stål），是亚洲水稻最重要和最具破坏性的害虫之一。热带地区的气候变暖以及极端高温或低温事件可能成为影响褐飞虱生存和分布的限制因素。本研究在实验室条件下研究了连续高温（CHT）、不连续高温（DHT）和夏季异常低温（ALT）对褐飞虱生长发育的影响。高温和 ALT 降低了若虫（在第四龄若虫中，CHT、DHT、ALT 和对照的存活率分别为 46.67%±1.67、31.67%±1.67、48.33%±4.41 和 60.00%±2.89，P<0.05）。ALT 还延长了褐飞虱若虫的发育时间（在第四龄若虫中，ALT 和对照的存活率分别为 6.09±0.193 d 和 5.39±0.082 d，P<0.05）。在第五龄若虫中，CHT（2.36±0.064 d，P<0.05）和 DHT（2.34±0.048 d，P<0.05）与对照（2.25±0.012 d，P<0.05）相比，对若虫发育的影响较小。与对照（68.00±1.000，P<0.05）相比，三种温度处理（CHT、DHT 和 ALT）降低了褐飞虱的产卵量（分别为 61.33±0.067、62.67±0.882 和 34.00±0.577，P<0.05）。与对照相比，CHT（65.82%±0.771，P<0.05，在第五龄若虫中）和 ALT（76.01%±1.362，P<0.05）处理后的雌虫比例降低。与对照（11.54±0.181，P<0.05）相比，CHT（25.30±0.182，P<0.05）和 DHT（14.64±0.238，P<0.05）中的成虫摄入的食物量明显更多，但 ALT 中的成虫（6.54±0.196，P<0.05）摄入的食物量明显少于对照（11.54±0.181，P<0.05）。在三种温度处理（CHT、DHT 和 ALT）下，卵的孵化率分别为 69.57%±0.215、71.29%±0.529 和 43.13%±0.508，显著低于对照（78.95%±1.000，P<0.05）。这些实验表明，极端温度会影响褐飞虱的生长发育，并可能影响其分布。因此，褐飞虱仍然是水稻的严重害虫。
