Laboratory of Reaction Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Process Engineering, USTHB, 32, Algiers, BP, Algeria.
Univ Rennes-ENSCR/UMR CNRS 6226, Campus de Beaulieu, av. du Général Leclerc, 35700, Rennes, France.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Mar;28(11):13900-13912. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-11616-z. Epub 2020 Nov 17.
The heterogeneous photocatalysis process has been known to provide significant levels of degradation and mineralization of emerging contaminants including antibiotics. For that, nanoparticle CuCrO (CCO) ceramics were successfully prepared via sol-gel (SG) and co-precipitation (CP) methods to obtain spinel with desired structural features and properties and also to improve the photocatalytic performances. The CCO crystallite phase was produced at 750 °C all ceramics, disregarding the synthesis route. CCO physical and chemical properties were checked by X-ray diffraction (XRD) with Rietveld refinement, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and diffuse reflectance solid (DRS). The XRD patterns demonstrated that the synthesized catalysts displayed a small crystallite size between 17.45 and 26.24 nm for SG and 20.97 and 36.86 nm for the CCO samples. The observation by SEM and TEM of the nanopowders showed a typical morphology with comparable particle sizes for both synthesized routes (20-30 nm). SG agglomeration rates were higher, and particles stick together more efficiently considering the CP method, while the CCO method led to a more significant porosity. Their photocatalytic and adsorption performances were examined for cefaclor (CFC) removal chosen as a target pharmaceutical contaminant in water. The results obtained by the methods differed since nanoparticles prepared by SG led to high photocatalytic activity. In contrast, a high CFC adsorption was observed for those prepared via the CP method, and that agreed with the findings of the characterization analysis. The kinetics of the adsorption process was found to follow the pseudo-second-order rate law. In contrast, the data of the photodegradation process were further found to comply with the Lagergren kinetic law. Nevertheless, the global reaction rate is probably controlled by the intra-particular diffusion of CFC, regardless of the elimination process.
多相光催化过程已被证实可以有效降解和矿化新兴污染物，包括抗生素。为此，通过溶胶-凝胶（SG）和共沉淀（CP）方法成功制备了纳米颗粒 CuCrO（CCO）陶瓷，以获得具有所需结构特征和性能的尖晶石，并提高光催化性能。所有陶瓷在 750°C 下都生成了 CCO 晶相，与合成路线无关。通过 X 射线衍射（XRD）与 Rietveld 精修、Brunauer-Emmett-Teller（BET）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和漫反射固体（DRS）检查了 CCO 的物理和化学性质。XRD 图谱表明，合成催化剂的晶粒度在 17.45 到 26.24nm 之间（SG）和 20.97 到 36.86nm 之间（CCO 样品）。通过 SEM 和 TEM 观察纳米粉末，发现两种合成路线的典型形貌具有可比的粒径（20-30nm）。SG 团聚率更高，颗粒更容易粘在一起，而 CP 方法则导致更大的孔隙率。以水中的目标药物污染物头孢克洛（CFC）去除为研究对象，考察了它们的光催化和吸附性能。两种方法得到的结果不同，因为 SG 制备的纳米颗粒具有较高的光催化活性。相比之下，通过 CP 方法制备的纳米颗粒对 CFC 的吸附较高，这与表征分析的结果一致。吸附过程的动力学符合准二级速率定律。相反，光降解过程的数据进一步符合 Lagergren 动力学定律。然而，无论消除过程如何，整个反应速率可能都受到 CFC 内扩散的控制。
