Universidade Franciscana - UFN, School of Dentistry, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
Braz Oral Res. 2020 Nov 13;35:e002. doi: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2021.vol35.0002. eCollection 2020.
This longitudinal study aimed to assess the association between the use of fixed orthodontic appliances and the incidence/increment of active caries lesions in adolescents and young adults over a one-year period. A total of 135 10-30-year-old individuals were divided into two groups: Group G0 was composed of individuals who required orthodontic treatment, but who did not undergo fixed orthodontic therapy over the study period (n=70); Group G1 was composed of individuals who used a fixed orthodontic appliance for 1 year (n=65). Data collection included a questionnaire and clinical oral examinations (plaque index, gingival index, and dental caries index), performed at baseline and after 1 year. Caries examination was performed by a single calibrated examiner, after tooth cleaning and drying, and included the recording of non-cavitated and cavitated, inactive and active lesions of all tooth surfaces. Poisson regression models were used to assess the association between the group and the following study outcomes: incidence (binary variable) and increment (counting variable). The incidence of active caries lesions was 4.8% in G0 and 39.6% in G1. The mean increment of active caries lesions was 0.14 in G0 and 0.61 in G1. G1 showed a greater risk of developing active caries lesions than G0 (incidence analysis, adjusted IRR=9.48, 95%CI=2.62-34.30; increment analysis, adjusted IRR=4.13; 95%CI=1.94-8.79). In conclusion, this study showed that individuals undergoing fixed orthodontic therapy for 1 year had a significantly higher incidence and increment of active caries lesions than those without a fixed appliance.
本纵向研究旨在评估在一年的时间内，青少年和年轻成年人使用固定正畸器械与活动性龋病的发生率/增量之间的关系。共有 135 名 10-30 岁的个体分为两组：G0 组由需要正畸治疗但在研究期间未进行固定正畸治疗的个体组成（n=70）；G1 组由使用固定正畸器械治疗 1 年的个体组成（n=65）。数据收集包括问卷调查和临床口腔检查（菌斑指数、牙龈指数和龋齿指数），分别在基线和 1 年后进行。龋齿检查由一名经过校准的检查者进行，在牙齿清洁和干燥后，记录所有牙齿表面的非龋性和龋性、非活动性和活动性病变。使用泊松回归模型评估组间以下研究结果的相关性：发生率（二分类变量）和增量（计数变量）。G0 组的活动性龋病发生率为 4.8%，G1 组为 39.6%。G0 组的活动性龋病增量的平均值为 0.14，G1 组为 0.61。与 G0 相比，G1 组发生活动性龋病的风险更高（发生率分析，调整 IRR=9.48，95%CI=2.62-34.30；增量分析，调整 IRR=4.13；95%CI=1.94-8.79）。综上所述，本研究表明，接受固定正畸治疗 1 年的个体发生活动性龋病的发生率和增量明显高于未使用固定矫治器的个体。
