印度班加罗尔地区农村老年高血压患者的卒中意识。
Stroke Awareness among Elderly Hypertensives in a Rural Area of Bangalore District, India.
机构信息
St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, India.
Department of Community Medicine, St. John's Medical College, Sarjapur Main Road, Bangalore 560034, India.
出版信息
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2021 Jan;30(1):105467. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105467. Epub 2020 Nov 15.
OBJECTIVES
India faces a high and growing burden of hypertension, which is an important cerebrovascular risk factor, especially in elderly persons. Poor awareness contributes to delays in seeking health care, which is undesirable given the emergent nature of stroke. Literature regarding awareness in this subgroup of the population is scarce. Our objective was to assess awareness regarding cerebrovascular disease among elderly persons with hypertension residing in a rural area of Bangalore district, and estimate their individual risk of stroke.
MATERIAL & METHODS: We randomly selected 144 elderly hypertensives residing in a rural area in Bangalore district from a list of known hypertensives maintained as part of a population-based senior citizen health service. We developed an open-ended, face-validated questionnaire, which was administered following informed consent, to assess stroke awareness. We defined good awareness as knowing at least one risk factor, one warning sign, and having the knowledge that stroke requires immediate treatment. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess factors associated with good or poor awareness.
RESULTS
40% of the study population had not heard of the term 'stroke'. Only 22% could identify the brain as the organ affected. 51% could name at least one symptom. 45% of males and 24% of females believed that their hypertension predisposed them to stroke. 56% could not name a single risk factor. Only 37% of the males and 18% of the females had good overall awareness. Female gender and low literacy were associated with poor overall awareness, while being gainfully employed, a history of alcohol use and doing higher levels of exercise were associated with greater awareness on univariate analysis. None of these factors were statistically significantly related to stroke awareness on multivariate analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
Awareness of different aspects of stroke was very poor, highlighting the need for stroke education at all levels of care.
目的
印度面临着高血压负担高且不断增加的问题，高血压是一个重要的脑血管危险因素，尤其是在老年人中。由于对中风的紧急性质认识不足，这导致了寻求医疗保健的延迟。关于这一人群的认识情况，文献报道较少。我们的目的是评估班加罗尔农村地区高血压老年患者对脑血管疾病的认识程度，并估计他们个人患中风的风险。
材料与方法
我们从班加罗尔地区农村地区的已知高血压患者名单中随机选择了 144 名高血压老年患者。我们开发了一个开放式、具有表面效度的问卷，在获得知情同意后，通过该问卷评估中风意识。我们将良好的意识定义为至少知道一个危险因素、一个警告信号，并了解中风需要立即治疗。我们进行了单变量和多变量分析，以评估与良好或不良意识相关的因素。
结果
研究人群中有 40%的人从未听说过“中风”一词。只有 22%的人能识别出大脑是受影响的器官。51%的人可以说出至少一种症状。45%的男性和 24%的女性认为他们的高血压使他们易患中风。56%的人不能说出一个单一的危险因素。只有 37%的男性和 18%的女性对中风有全面的认识。女性性别和低文化程度与整体认识较差相关，而有收入的工作、饮酒史和更高水平的运动与单变量分析时更高的认识相关。在多变量分析中，这些因素均与中风意识无统计学显著相关性。
结论
对中风不同方面的认识非常差，这凸显了在各级护理中进行中风教育的必要性。
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