Barrett Stephanie L, Petrie Trent A
University of North Texas.
J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2020 Nov 18;42(6):490-499. doi: 10.1123/jsep.2020-0023. Print 2020 Dec 1.
Although researchers have examined eating disorders in female athletes, few such studies have been done with athletes who are retired, and even fewer have been quantitative. Thus, the authors empirically tested an established eating disorder theoretical model with 218 former NCAA Division-I female collegiate athletes who had been retired for 2-6 years. In retirement, participants completed measures of general sociocultural pressures related to body and appearance, thin-ideal internalization, body dissatisfaction, dietary restraint, negative affect, and bulimic symptomatology. Through structural equation modeling, the authors examined the direct and indirect relationships among the latent variables while controlling for body mass index and years since retirement. The model fit the data well, supporting the hypothesized direct and indirect relationships among the variables and explaining 54% of the variance in bulimic symptomatology. Despite no longer being exposed to sport pressures that contribute to eating disorders, female athletes experience such symptoms long into retirement.
尽管研究人员已对女运动员的饮食失调问题进行了研究，但针对退役运动员的此类研究却很少，而定量研究则更少。因此，作者对218名已退役2至6年的美国大学体育总会（NCAA）第一分区前女子大学生运动员，实证检验了一个既定的饮食失调理论模型。在退役期间，参与者完成了与身体和外貌、瘦理想内化、身体不满、饮食限制、消极情绪和暴食症状相关的一般社会文化压力测量。通过结构方程模型，作者在控制体重指数和退役年限的同时，检验了潜在变量之间的直接和间接关系。该模型与数据拟合良好，支持了变量之间假设的直接和间接关系，并解释了暴食症状54%的方差。尽管不再面临导致饮食失调的运动压力，但女运动员在退役后的很长一段时间里仍会出现此类症状。
