Park Nicollet Melrose Institute, St. Paul, MN, USA.
J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2011 Aug;33(4):483-505. doi: 10.1123/jsep.33.4.483.
In this study, we tested Petrie and Greenleaf's (2007) model of bulimic symptoms in two independent samples of female collegiate swimmers/divers and gymnasts. Structural equation modeling revealed support for the model, although it also suggested additional pathways. Specifically, general societal pressures regarding weight and body were related to the internalization of those ideals and, subsequently, to increases in body dissatisfaction. Pressures from the sport environment regarding weight and appearance were associated with more body dissatisfaction and more restrictive eating. Body dissatisfaction was related to more feelings of sadness, anger, and fear among the athletes. Negative affect, body dissatisfaction, and dietary restraint were related directly to bulimic symptoms, accounting for 55-58% of its variance. These results suggest that general sociocultural pressures are influential, but weight and appearance pressures in the sport environment may be even more pervasive and negative for female athletes.
在这项研究中，我们在两个独立的女性大学生游泳运动员/潜水员和体操运动员样本中测试了 Petrie 和 Greenleaf（2007 年）的暴食症状模型。结构方程建模支持了该模型，尽管它也表明了其他途径。具体来说，关于体重和身体的一般社会压力与这些理想的内化以及随后的身体不满增加有关。关于体重和外貌的运动环境压力与更多的身体不满和更严格的饮食有关。身体不满与运动员的悲伤、愤怒和恐惧有关。负面情绪、身体不满和饮食限制与暴食症状直接相关，占其变异的 55-58%。这些结果表明，一般的社会文化压力是有影响的，但运动环境中的体重和外貌压力对女性运动员可能更普遍和更消极。
