Shimanda Panduleni Penipawa, Amukugo Hans Justus, Norström Fredrik
Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Clara Barton School of Nursing, Welwitchia Health Training Centre, Windhoek, Namibia.
J Public Health Afr. 2020 Apr 29;11(1):1131. doi: 10.4081/jphia.2020.1131.
Anemia remains a public health concern, and its prevalence varies between countries as well as between age, sex and levels of poverty. This study aims at examining the association between socio-demographic factors and anemia among children aged 6-59 months in Namibia. Data was extracted from the 2013 Namibian Demographic Health Survey. The association between anemia and other factors was examined with logistic regression. Results are reported in odds ratio (OR), with 95% confidence intervals (CI). In total, 1,383 children aged 6-59 months had complete data and included in the analyses. Our study shows that there is a statistically significantly increased risk of anemia among children from poorer households compared with the richest quintile. Also, there was a statistically significance supporting anemia being more common among boys than girls. There was also a statistically significant negative effect related to age. Our study shows that young children, boys and children in poorer households have an increased risk of anemia. Considering the adverse impact of anemia on child development, policies must prioritize factors exacerbating anemia risk.
贫血仍然是一个公共卫生问题，其患病率在不同国家以及不同年龄、性别和贫困水平之间存在差异。本研究旨在探讨纳米比亚6至59个月儿童的社会人口学因素与贫血之间的关联。数据取自2013年纳米比亚人口与健康调查。采用逻辑回归分析贫血与其他因素之间的关联。结果以比值比（OR）及95%置信区间（CI）报告。共有1383名6至59个月的儿童拥有完整数据并纳入分析。我们的研究表明，与最富裕的五分之一家庭相比，贫困家庭儿童患贫血的风险在统计学上显著增加。此外，有统计学意义表明贫血在男孩中比在女孩中更常见。年龄也有统计学意义上的负面影响。我们的研究表明，幼儿、男孩以及贫困家庭儿童患贫血的风险增加。考虑到贫血对儿童发育的不利影响，政策必须优先关注加剧贫血风险的因素。
