Woldie Haile, Kebede Yigzaw, Tariku Amare
Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
J Nutr Metab. 2015;2015:928632. doi: 10.1155/2015/928632. Epub 2015 May 27.
Background. Globally, about 47.4% of children under five are suffering from anemia. In Ethiopia, 60.9% of children under two years are suffering from anemia. Anemia during infancy and young childhood period is associated with poor health and impaired cognitive development, leading to reduced academic achievement and earnings potential in their adulthood life. However, there is scarcity of information showing the magnitude of iron deficiency anemia among young children in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing prevalence and associated factors of iron deficiency anemia among children under two (6-23 months). Methods. Institution based cross-sectional study was carried out from March to May, 2014, at Tsitsika Health Center in Wag-Himra Zone, Northeast Ethiopia. Systematic random sampling technique was employed. Automated hemoglobin machine was used to determine the hemoglobin level. Socioeconomic and demographic data were collected by using a pretested and structured questionnaire. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify associated factors and odds ratio with 95% CI was computed to assess the strength of association. Results. Total of 347 children participated in this study. The overall prevalence of anemia was 66.6%. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, male sex (AOR = 3.1 (95% CI: 1.60-5.81)), 9-11 months of age (AOR = 9.6 (95% CI: 3.61-25.47)), poor dietary diversity (AOR = 3.2 (95% CI: 1.35-7.38)), stunting (AOR = 2.7 (95% CI: 1.20-6.05)), diarrhea (AOR = 4.9 (1.63-14.59)), no formal education (AOR = 2.6 (95% CI: 1.26-5.27)), early initiation of complementary food (AOR = 11.1 (95% CI: 4.08-30.31)), and lowest wealth quintile (AOR = 3.0 (95% CI: 1.01-8.88)) were significantly associated with anemia. Conclusion. The overall prevalence of anemia among children who aged 6-23 months has sever public health importance in the study area. Integrated efforts need to be prioritized to improve health as well as appropriate infant and young child feeding practice among children under.
背景。全球范围内，约47.4%的五岁以下儿童患有贫血。在埃塞俄比亚，60.9%的两岁以下儿童患有贫血。婴幼儿期贫血与健康状况不佳及认知发育受损有关，会导致其成年后的学业成绩和收入潜力降低。然而，缺乏关于埃塞俄比亚幼儿缺铁性贫血严重程度的信息。因此，本研究旨在评估两岁以下（6 - 23个月）儿童缺铁性贫血的患病率及相关因素。方法。2014年3月至5月，在埃塞俄比亚东北部瓦格 - 希姆拉地区的齐齐卡健康中心开展了一项基于机构的横断面研究。采用系统随机抽样技术。使用自动血红蛋白仪测定血红蛋白水平。通过使用经过预测试的结构化问卷收集社会经济和人口统计学数据。采用二元逻辑回归分析确定相关因素，并计算95%置信区间的比值比以评估关联强度。结果。共有347名儿童参与本研究。贫血的总体患病率为66.6%。在多变量逻辑回归分析中，男性（比值比 = 3.1（95%置信区间：1.60 - 5.81））、9 - 11个月龄（比值比 = 9.6（95%置信区间：3.61 - 25.47））、饮食多样性差（比值比 = 3.2（95%置信区间：1.35 - 7.38））、发育迟缓（比值比 = 2.7（95%置信区间：1.20 - 6.05））、腹泻（比值比 = 4.9（1.63 - 14.59））、未接受正规教育（比值比 = 2.6（95%置信区间：1.26 - 5.27））、过早开始添加辅食（比值比 = 11.1（95%置信区间：4.08 - 30.31））以及最低财富五分位数（比值比 = 3.0（95%置信区间：1.01 - 8.88））与贫血显著相关。结论。在研究地区，6 - 23个月龄儿童贫血的总体患病率具有严重的公共卫生重要性。需要优先采取综合措施来改善健康状况以及婴幼儿的适当喂养习惯。
