Research Group on Evidence, Lifestyles and Health, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain.
Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain.
J Adv Nurs. 2021 Mar;77(3):1518-1532. doi: 10.1111/jan.14649. Epub 2020 Nov 19.
To evaluate the effectiveness of a 12-month multifactorial intervention by primary care nurses using health assets in increasing adherence to physical activity prescription (150 min/week) in patients with two or more cardiovascular risk factors.
Physical activity promotion is a priority and helps to decrease mortality risk due to cardiovascular diseases. However, adherence to the habitual physical activity prescription in primary healthcare settings is low.
Multicentre, single-blind, parallel randomized (in two different branches) clinical trial.
In total, 263 participants from 20 primary healthcare centres in Mallorca completed the randomized controlled trial study (intervention group N = 128, control group N = 135). The intervention consisted in four visits and included a motivational interview and an individualized prescription of physical activity using health assets. Primary outcome measure was the number of participants performing at least 150 min of weekly physical activity. Secondary outcomes included physical activity level and physical fitness, Sense of Coherence, cardiovascular risk, sociodemographic data, trans-theoretical stage of change, sleep quality, and depression.
Adherence to the recommendation of at least 150 min of physical activity was higher in the intervention than in the control group (χ = 3.951, p = .047). However, this higher adherence did not suppose higher physical activity levels because no differences between groups were found in the total physical activity performed after intervention (t=-0.915, p = .361). At the end of the intervention participants randomized to the intervention group spent more time walking than participants in the control group (t = 2.260, p = .025).
The multifactorial intervention performed by primary care nurses induced a higher adherence to the 150-min of weekly physical activity recommendation.
Adherence to the usual physical activity prescription in primary care is low. Physical activity prescription performed by primary care nurses and based on health assets and motivational interview can help to increase physical activity levels of patients. The main finding of the present study was that prescription using this approach was shown to be effective, leading to a higher adherence in the intervention group. This intervention is feasible in the nurse's primary healthcare setting, thus it could be implemented as the main tool when exercise is prescribed.
International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number: ISRCTN76069254.
评估初级保健护士通过使用健康资产进行为期 12 个月的多因素干预，在有两个或多个心血管危险因素的患者中增加对体力活动处方（每周 150 分钟）的依从性的效果。
促进体力活动是一项优先事项，有助于降低因心血管疾病导致的死亡率。然而，在初级医疗保健环境中，对习惯性体力活动处方的依从性较低。
多中心、单盲、平行随机（在两个不同分支）临床试验。
共有来自马略卡岛 20 个初级保健中心的 263 名参与者完成了随机对照试验研究（干预组 N=128，对照组 N=135）。干预包括四次访问，包括动机访谈和使用健康资产的个性化体力活动处方。主要结局测量是至少进行 150 分钟每周体力活动的参与者人数。次要结局包括体力活动水平和身体状况、心理一致感、心血管风险、社会人口统计学数据、跨理论改变阶段、睡眠质量和抑郁。
干预组对至少 150 分钟体力活动建议的依从性高于对照组（χ²=3.951，p=0.047）。然而，这种更高的依从性并不意味着更高的体力活动水平，因为干预后两组之间的总体力活动没有差异（t=-0.915，p=0.361）。干预结束时，随机分配到干预组的参与者比对照组的参与者花费更多的时间步行（t=2.260，p=0.025）。
初级保健护士进行的多因素干预诱导了对每周 150 分钟体力活动建议的更高依从性。
初级保健中对常规体力活动处方的依从性较低。基于健康资产和动机访谈的初级保健护士进行的体力活动处方可以帮助提高患者的体力活动水平。本研究的主要发现是，采用这种方法的处方被证明是有效的，导致干预组的依从性更高。这种干预在护士的初级医疗保健环境中是可行的，因此可以作为开运动处方的主要工具。
国际标准随机对照试验编号：ISRCTN76069254。
