Student Research Committee, Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Neuroscience Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Curr Neuropharmacol. 2021;19(8):1345-1353. doi: 10.2174/1570159X18666201119160347.
Nonylphenol (NP), a chemical compound widely used in industry, is the result of the nonylphenol ethoxylate decomposition and it is known as an estrogen-like compound. Numerous studies and researches have shown that it has many destructive functions of various organs such as the brain. This toxicant causes oxidative stress in the cortex and hippocampus cells, which are two essential regions to preserve memory and learning in the brain.
This review examines recent findings to better understanding the mechanisms of NP neurotoxicity. We used Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed databases to find articles focused on the destructive effects of NP on the oxidative stress pathway and its defense mechanisms.
NP has potential human health hazards associated with gestational, peri- and postnatal exposure. NP can disrupt brain homeostasis in different ways, such as activation of inflammatory factors in brain especially in hippocampus and cortex, disruption of the cell cycle, changes in neuron, dendrites and synapses morphology, disruption of extra and intracellular calcium ion balance and also memory and learning disorders.
壬基酚（NP）是一种广泛应用于工业的化学物质，是壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚分解的产物，被认为是一种类雌激素化合物。大量的研究表明，它对大脑等多种器官具有多种破坏性作用。这种有毒物质会导致大脑皮层和海马体细胞的氧化应激，而这两个区域是大脑中记忆和学习的两个重要区域。
本综述考察了最近的研究结果，以更好地了解 NP 的神经毒性作用机制。我们使用 Scopus、Google Scholar 和 PubMed 数据库查找了专注于 NP 对氧化应激途径及其防御机制的破坏性影响的文章。
与妊娠期、围产期和产后暴露相关，NP 对人类健康具有潜在危害。NP 可以通过多种方式破坏大脑的内稳态，例如激活大脑中的炎症因子（特别是海马体和皮层）、破坏细胞周期、改变神经元、树突和突触形态、破坏细胞内外钙离子平衡以及导致记忆和学习障碍。
