Verghese A, Gallemore G
Department of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, College of Medicine, Johnson City 37614-0002.
Rev Infect Dis. 1987 Nov-Dec;9(6):1187-92. doi: 10.1093/clinids/9.6.1187.
Although meningitis has been recognized since antiquity, the clear description of signs of meningeal irritation is relatively recent. Kernig's sign is described in physical diagnosis texts; however, the test for Kernig's sign as currently performed differs from Kernig's original description. Brudzinski described several signs of meningitis; his "nape of the neck" sign is the best known. The contralateral leg signs described by Brudzinski are unfamiliar to most clinicians. Brudzinski believed that knowledge of all the meningeal signs was of use because some may be present while others are absent. Since outcome in meningitis is dependent on early treatment--and therefore early diagnosis--familiarity with all the meningeal signs is desirable.
虽然脑膜炎自古以来就已被认识，但对脑膜刺激征的明确描述相对较新。凯尔尼格征在物理诊断教科书中有描述；然而，目前所进行的凯尔尼格征检查与凯尔尼格最初的描述有所不同。布鲁津斯基描述了几种脑膜炎体征；他的“颈后”征最为人所知。布鲁津斯基所描述的对侧腿征大多数临床医生并不熟悉。布鲁津斯基认为了解所有脑膜刺激征是有用的，因为有些体征可能出现而有些可能不出现。由于脑膜炎的预后取决于早期治疗——因此也取决于早期诊断——所以熟悉所有脑膜刺激征是很有必要的。
