IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst. 2020 Dec;14(6):1263-1273. doi: 10.1109/TBCAS.2020.3039191. Epub 2020 Dec 31.
This paper presents the body-coupled power transmission and ambient energy harvesting ICs. The ICs utilize human body-coupling to deliver power to the entire body, and at the same time, harvest energy from ambient EM waves coupled through the body. The ICs improve the recovered power level by adapting to the varying skin-electrode interface parasitic impedance at both the TX and RX. To maximize the power output from the TX, the dynamic impedance matching is performed amidst environment-induced variations. At the RX, the Detuned Impedance Booster (DIB) and the Bulk Adaptation Rectifier (BAR) are proposed to improve the power recovery and extend the power coverage further. In order to ensure the maximum power extraction despite the loading variations, the Dual-Mode Buck-Boost Converter (DM-BBC) is proposed. The ICs fabricated in 40 nm 1P8M CMOS recover up to 100 μW from the body-coupled power transmission and 2.5 μW from the ambient body-coupled energy harvesting. The ICs achieve the full-body area power delivery, with the power harvested from the ambiance via the body-coupling mechanism independent of placements on the body. Both approaches show power sustainability for wearable electronics all around the human body.
本文提出了一种基于人体耦合的功率传输和环境能量收集 IC。这些 IC 利用人体耦合为整个身体提供能量，同时从通过人体耦合的环境 EM 波中收集能量。这些 IC 通过自适应 TX 和 RX 处的皮肤-电极接口寄生阻抗变化，提高了恢复功率水平。为了从 TX 输出最大功率，在环境诱导变化中进行动态阻抗匹配。在 RX 端，提出了失谐阻抗升压 (DIB) 和体适应整流器 (BAR)，以提高功率恢复并进一步扩展功率覆盖范围。为了确保在负载变化时最大程度地提取功率，提出了双模式降压-升压转换器 (DM-BBC)。采用 40nm 1P8M CMOS 工艺制造的 IC 从人体耦合功率传输中恢复高达 100 μW 的功率，从环境人体耦合能量收集中恢复高达 2.5 μW 的功率。这些 IC 实现了全身区域的功率传输，通过人体耦合机制从环境中收集的功率与身体上的位置无关。这两种方法都为人体周围的可穿戴电子设备提供了可持续的电源。
