Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 737 North Michigan, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 737 North Michigan, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, 737 North Michigan, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Heart Fail Clin. 2021 Jan;17(1):135-147. doi: 10.1016/j.hfc.2020.08.010.
In heart failure (HF), the impaired heart loses its ability to competently eject blood during systole or fill with blood during diastole, manifesting in multifaceted abnormal intracardiac or intravascular flow dynamics. Conventional imaging techniques are limited in their ability to evaluate multidirectional multidimensional flow alterations in HF. Four-dimensional (4-D) flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as a promising technique to comprehensively visualize and quantify changes in 3-dimensional blood flow dynamics in complex cardiovascular diseases. This article reviews emerging applications of 4-D flow MRI hemodynamic markers in HF and etiologies at risk of progressing to HF.
在心力衰竭（HF）中，受损的心脏在收缩期丧失了有效射血的能力，或在舒张期不能充分充盈，导致多方面的异常心内或血管内血流动力学改变。传统的影像学技术在评估 HF 多方向、多维血流改变方面存在局限性。四维（4-D）血流磁共振成像（MRI）已成为一种很有前途的技术，可以全面观察和量化复杂心血管疾病中三维血流动力学的变化。本文综述了 4-D 血流 MRI 血流动力学标志物在 HF 及可能进展为 HF 的病因中的新应用。
