Bulger R E
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas, Houston 77030.
Anat Rec. 1987 Nov;219(3):215-20. doi: 10.1002/ar.1092190302.
The present article was written as an attempt to understand the position of animal rights groups, to stimulate scientists to define their own positions, and to encourage scientists to interpret their use of animals to the rest of society. The article attempts to generate a statement of practices that might be useful in experiments that utilize animals in research. The statement is an extension of the three R's originally proposed by Russell and Burch (W.M.S. Russell and R.L. Burch [1959]: Principles of Humane Experimental Technique, Springfield, IL, Charles C. Thomas) into four R's: refinement, reduction, replacement, and review.
撰写本文的目的是试图了解动物权利组织的立场，促使科学家明确自己的立场，并鼓励科学家向社会其他群体阐释他们对动物的使用情况。本文试图提出一份在利用动物进行研究的实验中可能有用的实践声明。该声明是对最初由拉塞尔和伯奇提出的三个R原则（W.M.S.拉塞尔和R.L.伯奇[1959年]：《人道实验技术原则》，伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德，查尔斯·C·托马斯出版社）的扩展，形成了四个R原则：优化、减少、替代和审查。
