Australian Artificial Intelligence Institute, School of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, NSW, Australia.
Psychology and Ergonomics, Technische Universitaet Berlin, Germany; Australian Artificial Intelligence Institute, School of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, NSW, Australia.
Neuroimage. 2021 Feb 1;226:117578. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117578. Epub 2020 Nov 19.
Detecting and correcting incorrect body movements is an essential part of everyday interaction with one's environment. The human brain provides a monitoring system that constantly controls and adjusts our actions according to our surroundings. However, when our brain's predictions about a planned action do not match the sensory inputs resulting from that action, cognitive conflict occurs. Much is known about cognitive conflict in 1D/2D environments; however, less is known about the role of movement characteristics associated with cognitive conflict in 3D environment. Hence, we devised an object selection task in a virtual reality (VR) environment to test how the velocity of hand movements impacts human brain responses. From a series of analyses of EEG recordings synchronized with motion capture, we found that the velocity of the participants' hand movements modulated the brain's response to proprioceptive feedback during the task and induced a prediction error negativity (PEN). Additionally, the PEN originates in the anterior cingulate cortex and is itself modulated by the ballistic phase of the hand's movement. These findings suggest that velocity is an essential component of integrating hand movements with visual and proprioceptive information during interactions with real and virtual objects.
检测和纠正不正确的身体运动是日常与环境交互的重要组成部分。人类大脑提供了一个监控系统，根据周围环境不断控制和调整我们的动作。然而，当我们大脑对计划动作的预测与该动作产生的感官输入不匹配时，就会发生认知冲突。人们对 1D/2D 环境中的认知冲突了解很多；然而，对于与认知冲突相关的运动特征在 3D 环境中的作用知之甚少。因此，我们在虚拟现实 (VR) 环境中设计了一个物体选择任务，以测试手运动速度如何影响人类大脑对任务的反应。通过对与运动捕捉同步的 EEG 记录进行的一系列分析，我们发现参与者手运动的速度调节了大脑对手部运动过程中本体感觉反馈的反应，并引起了预测误差负波 (PEN)。此外，PEN 起源于前扣带皮层，本身受到手部运动的弹道阶段的调制。这些发现表明，在与真实和虚拟物体交互时，速度是将手部运动与视觉和本体感觉信息整合在一起的重要组成部分。
