Redler Yael, Levy Michael
Department of Neuro-Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirmary/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
Front Neurol. 2020 Nov 3;11:580951. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.580951. eCollection 2020.
Optic neuritis (ON) is an inflammatory attack of the optic nerve that leads to visual disability. It is the most common optic neuropathy affecting healthy young adults, most commonly women aged 20-45 years. It can be idiopathic and monophasic or as part of a neurologic disease such as multiple sclerosis with recurrence and cumulative damage. Currently, there is no therapy to repair the damage from optic neuritis. Animal models are an essential tool for the understanding of the pathogenesis of optic neuritis and for the development of potential treatment strategies. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the most commonly used experimental rodent model for human autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). In this review, we discuss the latest rodent models regarding optic neuritis, focusing on EAE model, and on its recent achievements and developments.
视神经炎（ON）是一种对视神经的炎性攻击，可导致视力残疾。它是影响健康年轻成年人的最常见的视神经病变，最常见于20至45岁的女性。它可以是特发性单相的，也可以是诸如多发性硬化症等神经系统疾病的一部分，具有复发和累积损伤。目前，尚无修复视神经炎损伤的疗法。动物模型是理解视神经炎发病机制和开发潜在治疗策略的重要工具。实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎（EAE）是用于人类中枢神经系统（CNS）自身免疫性炎性脱髓鞘疾病的最常用实验啮齿动物模型。在本综述中，我们讨论了有关视神经炎的最新啮齿动物模型，重点是EAE模型及其最近的成果和进展。
