Neurosciences Institute, University Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda de Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain.
Subject Area Network of Cooperative Health Research (RETICS), Network for Addiction Disorders, Health Institute Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Biomolecules. 2020 Nov 19;10(11):1575. doi: 10.3390/biom10111575.
The potential therapeutic use of some plant compounds has been attracting great interest, especially for managing neuropsychiatric disorders due to the relative lack of efficacy of the current treatments. Numerous studies have been carried out using the main phytocannabinoids, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). CBD displays an interesting pharmacological profile without the potential for becoming a drug of abuse, unlike THC. In this review, we focused on the anxiolytic, antidepressant, and antipsychotic effects of CBD found in animal and human studies. In rodents, results suggest that the effects of CBD depend on the dose, the strain, the administration time course (acute vs. chronic), and the route of administration. In addition, certain key targets have been related with these CBD pharmacological actions, including cannabinoid receptors (CBr and CBr), 5-HT receptor and neurogenesis factors. Preliminary clinical trials also support the efficacy of CBD as an anxiolytic, antipsychotic, and antidepressant, and more importantly, a positive risk-benefit profile. These promising results support the development of large-scale studies to further evaluate CBD as a potential new drug for the treatment of these psychiatric disorders.
一些植物化合物的潜在治疗用途引起了极大的兴趣，特别是在管理神经精神疾病方面，因为目前的治疗方法相对缺乏疗效。已经进行了许多使用主要植物大麻素、四氢大麻酚（THC）和大麻二酚（CBD）的研究。CBD 显示出有趣的药理学特征，不像 THC 那样有可能成为滥用药物。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注了 CBD 在动物和人类研究中发现的抗焦虑、抗抑郁和抗精神病作用。在啮齿动物中，结果表明 CBD 的作用取决于剂量、菌株、给药时间过程（急性与慢性）和给药途径。此外，某些关键靶点与这些 CBD 药理作用有关，包括大麻素受体（CBr 和 CBr）、5-HT 受体和神经发生因子。初步的临床试验也支持 CBD 作为抗焦虑药、抗精神病药和抗抑郁药的疗效，更重要的是，具有积极的风险效益比。这些有希望的结果支持开展大规模研究，进一步评估 CBD 作为治疗这些精神疾病的潜在新药的潜力。
