Dierking Ryan, Azhaguvel Perumal, Kallenbach Robert, Saha Malay, Bouton Joseph, Chekhovskiy Konstantin, Kopecký David, Hopkins Andrew
Dep. of Agronomy, Purdue Univ., 915 West State St., West Lafayette, IN, 47907.
Syngenta, 2369- 330th Street, Slater, IA, 50244.
Plant Genome. 2015 Mar;8(1):eplantgenome2014.07.0032. doi: 10.3835/plantgenome2014.07.0032.
Temperate grasses belonging to the Festuca-Lolium complex are important throughout the world in pasture and grassland agriculture. Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) is the predominant species in the United States, covering approximately 15 million ha. Tall fescue has distinctive morphotypes, two of which are Continental (summer active) and Mediterranean (summer semidormant). This is the first report of a linkage map created for Mediterranean tall fescue, while updating the Continental map with additional simple sequence repeat and sequence-tagged site markers. Additionally, this is the first time that diversity arrays technology (DArT) markers were used in the construction of a tall fescue map. The male parent (Continental), R43-64, map consisted of 594 markers arranged in 22 linkage groups (LGs) and covered a total of 1577 cM. The female parent (Mediterranean), 103-2, map was shorter (1258 cM) and consisted of only 208 markers arranged in 29 LGs. Marker densities for R43-64 and 103-2 were 2.65 and 6.08 cM per marker, respectively. When compared with the other Poaceae species, meadow fescue (F. pratensis Huds.), annual ryegrass (L. multiflorum Lam.), perennial ryegrass (L. perenne L.), Brachypodium distachyon (L.) Beauv., and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), a total of 171 and 98 orthologous or homologous sequences, identified by DArT analysis, were identified in R43-64 and 103-2, respectively. By using genomic in situ hybridization, we aimed to identify potential progenitors of both morphotypes. However, no clear conclusion on genomic constitution was reached. These maps will aid in the search for quantitative trait loci of various traits as well as help define and distinguish genetic differences between the two morphotypes.
属于羊茅-黑麦草复合体的温带禾本科植物在世界各地的牧场和草地农业中都很重要。高羊茅（Festuca arundinacea Schreb.）是美国的主要品种，覆盖面积约1500万公顷。高羊茅有独特的形态类型，其中两种是大陆型（夏季活跃）和地中海型（夏季半休眠）。这是为地中海型高羊茅创建连锁图谱的首次报告，同时用额外的简单序列重复和序列标签位点标记更新大陆型图谱。此外，这是多样性阵列技术（DArT）标记首次用于构建高羊茅图谱。父本（大陆型）R43-64的图谱由594个标记组成，排列在22个连锁群（LGs）中，共覆盖1577厘摩。母本（地中海型）103-2的图谱较短（1258厘摩），仅由208个标记组成，排列在29个LGs中。R43-64和103-2的标记密度分别为每个标记2.65厘摩和6.08厘摩。与其他禾本科物种，即草地羊茅（F. pratensis Huds.）、一年生黑麦草（L. multiflorum Lam.）、多年生黑麦草（L. perenne L.）、短柄草（Brachypodium distachyon (L.) Beauv.）和大麦（Hordeum vulgare L.）相比，通过DArT分析分别在R43-64和103-2中鉴定出总共171个和98个直系同源或同源序列。通过基因组原位杂交，我们旨在鉴定两种形态类型的潜在祖先。然而，关于基因组组成没有得出明确结论。这些图谱将有助于寻找各种性状的数量性状位点，并有助于定义和区分两种形态类型之间的遗传差异。
