Department of Soil and Environmental Science, the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan.
Department of Soil and Environmental Science, the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Feb 25;757:143739. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143739. Epub 2020 Nov 16.
Nitrous oxide (NO), is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG) that shares 7% of global warming around the world. Among different sources, agricultural systems account for approx. 60% of global anthropogenic NO emissions. These NO emissions are associated with the activity of nitrifiers and denitrifiers that contribute to >4 Tg (teragrams) NO-N emission per year. Application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers and manures in agricultural fields plays an imperative role in this regard. On the other hand nitrification inhibitors are an effective approach to minimize NO-N emissions from agricultural fields. Here we examined the effects of applying urea with a nitrification inhibitor (Ni) nitrapyrin and mulch (Mu) on urea transformation, nitrous oxide (NO) emissions, grain yield and nitrogen (N) uptake efficiency. The treatments include a control (zero N), urea (U) applied at 200 kg N ha, U + Ni (Ni applied at 700 g ha), U+ Mu (Mu applied at 4 t ha) and U + Ni + Mu. The NO emission factor (EF) was 66% and 75% when U and Mu were applied, respectively. Yield-scaled NO emissions were lower in U and Mu by 45% and 55%, respectively. The Ni coupled with Mu enhanced urea-N recovery by 58% and wheat grain yield by 23% and total N uptake by 30% compared with U alone. In conclusion, Ni usage is an effective strategy to mitigate NO emissions under field conditions.
一氧化二氮（NO）是一种强效温室气体（GHG），约占全球变暖的 7%。在不同的来源中，农业系统约占全球人为 NO 排放的 60%。这些 NO 排放与硝化作用和反硝化作用的活性有关，这些作用每年贡献超过 4 太克（Tg）的 NO-N 排放。在农业领域应用氮肥和粪肥在这方面起着至关重要的作用。另一方面，硝化抑制剂是减少农业领域 NO-N 排放的有效方法。在这里，我们研究了在尿素中添加硝化抑制剂（Ni）硝化抑制剂和覆盖物（Mu）对尿素转化、一氧化二氮（NO）排放、谷物产量和氮（N）吸收效率的影响。处理包括对照（零氮）、在 200 公斤/公顷施用尿素（U）、在 700 克/公顷施用 U+Ni（Ni 施用）、在 4 吨/公顷施用 U+Mu（Mu 施用）和在 U+Ni+Mu 施用。当应用 U 和 Mu 时，NO 排放因子（EF）分别为 66%和 75%。U 和 Mu 分别使产量标准化的 NO 排放量降低了 45%和 55%。与单独使用 U 相比，Ni 与 Mu 结合使用可使尿素-N 回收率提高 58%，小麦产量提高 23%，总氮吸收量提高 30%。总之，Ni 的使用是在田间条件下减轻 NO 排放的有效策略。
