Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Washington Luís Rd, 235 km - SP-310, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
School of Physical Therapy, Universidad Industrial de Santander (UIS), Carrera 32 #, 29-31, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia.
Clin Rheumatol. 2021 Jun;40(6):2361-2367. doi: 10.1007/s10067-020-05518-1. Epub 2020 Nov 23.
To analyze if socioeconomic characteristics as lower education and lower family income are associated factors with the combination of pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA).
This cross-sectional study included 140 participants aged 40 years or older with KOA grades II and III. Based on the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK), four groups were identified: non-catastrophic/non-kinesiophobic (NC/NK), non-catastrophic/non-kinesiophobic (NC/K), catastrophic/non-kinesiophobic (C/NK), and catastrophic/kinesiophobic (C/K). Pain intensity was measured using the visual analog scale (VAS). The 30-s chair stand test was performed to access physical function. Sociodemographic characteristics included age, sex, years of formal education (0 to 11 and > 11), and family income (up to 2 minimum wages and > 2). Multinomial regression analysis adjusted for age, radiographic severity, physical function, and pain intensity was used to determine the association between lower education and lower family income with the combination of pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia.
Only lower education was independently associated with the combination of pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia (OR = 3.96 CI 95% 1.01-15.51).
Lower education but not lower family income was an important associated factor with the combination of pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Thus, physician and physical therapist must pay attention on this important socioeconomic characteristic while conducting the treatment, since specific strategies of approach could be necessary for those patients. Key points • Lower education is an important associated factor with the combination of pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. • Physician and physical therapist must pay attention on patients schooling while conducting the treatment.
分析社会经济特征（如较低的受教育程度和较低的家庭收入）是否与膝骨关节炎（KOA）患者的疼痛灾难化和运动恐惧症相结合有关。
这项横断面研究纳入了 140 名年龄在 40 岁及以上、患有 II 级和 III 级 KOA 的患者。根据疼痛灾难化量表（PCS）和坦帕运动恐惧症量表（TSK），将患者分为四组：非灾难化/非运动恐惧症（NC/NK）、非灾难化/非运动恐惧症（NC/K）、灾难化/非运动恐惧症（C/NK）和灾难化/运动恐惧症（C/K）。使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）测量疼痛强度。采用 30 秒椅站测试评估身体功能。社会人口学特征包括年龄、性别、受教育年限（0-11 年和>11 年）和家庭收入（<2 个最低工资和>2 个最低工资）。采用多元回归分析调整年龄、放射严重程度、身体功能和疼痛强度，以确定较低的受教育程度和家庭收入与疼痛灾难化和运动恐惧症相结合的关系。
只有较低的受教育程度与疼痛灾难化和运动恐惧症的结合有独立相关性（OR=3.96，95%CI 1.01-15.51）。
较低的受教育程度而不是较低的家庭收入是膝骨关节炎患者疼痛灾难化和运动恐惧症结合的一个重要相关因素。因此，医生和物理治疗师在进行治疗时必须注意患者的这一重要社会经济特征，因为对于这些患者可能需要采取特定的治疗方法。
