Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
Department of Urology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.
Eur J Pediatr. 2021 May;180(5):1393-1401. doi: 10.1007/s00431-020-03879-y. Epub 2020 Nov 23.
Despite the existing methods, a trend towards a later initiation and completion of toilet training has been seen in Western society. This study is the first to investigate prospectively the efficacy of intensive group toilet training in daycare centres. The primary outcome of interest is the duration until the child is toilet trained. A cluster randomised controlled trial was established in daycare centres; clusters of participants were randomly allocated to an intervention or control group. Intervention group was subjected to an intensive toilet training session. Innovative aspects of this toilet training method were a 2-h training on two consecutive days, carried out in small groups in daycare centres. Parents of children in the control group were encouraged to start TT in their own manner. Children were monitored until they were considered to be fully toilet trained during the day. Median toilet training duration in the intervention group was 2 weeks compared to 5 weeks in controls (p value log rank test = 0.007). The hazard of being clean during the follow-up of 6 weeks was twice as high in the intervention compared to controls (p = 0.018).Conclusion: The intervention had a significant influence on the duration of toilet training in healthy children, with a median duration of 2 weeks. Our findings are clinically relevant for daycare educators, having a considerable responsibility in the development of children.Trial Registration Number: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04221776. What is Known: • Despite different existing methods, a later initiation of toilet training has been seen in Western society and coherent to this an increasing age of acquiring full bladder control. • Child daycare centres have a growing role in the toilet training process. What is New: • This is the first prospective report describing the results of a new method of toilet training healthy children in small groups in daycare centres. • The intervention had a significant influence on the duration of toilet training, with a median duration of 2 weeks.
尽管存在各种方法,但在西方社会,如厕训练的开始时间和完成时间都呈现出推迟的趋势。本研究首次前瞻性地调查了日托中心密集小组如厕训练的效果。主要观察指标是儿童接受如厕训练的时间。在日托中心进行了一项集群随机对照试验;将参与者集群随机分配到干预组或对照组。干预组接受密集的如厕训练课程。这种如厕训练方法的创新之处在于,在两天内进行两次 2 小时的小组培训,在日托中心进行。对照组儿童的家长被鼓励以自己的方式开始 TT。在日间被认为完全接受如厕训练后,对儿童进行监测。干预组的中位如厕训练持续时间为 2 周,而对照组为 5 周(对数秩检验 p 值=0.007)。在 6 周的随访中,干预组在干净状态下的风险是对照组的两倍(p=0.018)。结论:该干预措施对健康儿童的如厕训练持续时间有显著影响,中位数为 2 周。我们的研究结果对日托教育者具有重要的临床意义,他们在儿童的发展中负有重大责任。试验注册号:ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04221776。已知情况:• 尽管存在不同的现有方法,但在西方社会,如厕训练的开始时间较晚,并且与这一趋势相一致的是,获得完全膀胱控制的年龄也在增加。• 儿童日托中心在如厕训练过程中发挥着越来越重要的作用。新情况:• 这是第一份前瞻性报告,描述了一种在日托中心的小团体中对健康儿童进行新的如厕训练方法的结果。• 该干预措施对如厕训练的持续时间有显著影响,中位数为 2 周。