Section for Sports Traumatology M51, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2021 Jun;31(6):1249-1258. doi: 10.1111/sms.13888. Epub 2020 Dec 30.
To use an inadequate patient reported outcome measure (PROM) or use a PROM in an inappropriate way potentially influences the quality of measurement. The objectives of this study were to define potential inadequate uses of PROMs in sports research studies and estimate how often they occur. A consensus group consisting of medical researchers, statisticians, and psychometricians identified and defined potentially irregular applications of PROMs. Occurrence of these in 349 consecutive articles in sports medicine in which PROMs were used as primary outcomes was reviewed. In all, 14 different potential problems were defined, and one or several occurred in 172 of the articles (49%). These were as follows: using a PROM that was developed for a different patient group (100 cases), using two or more PROMs with identical questions (94), aggregation of domain sum scores (82), combinations of subjective and objective measures (27), using a PROM to diagnose or evaluate the individual patient (7), using a PROM for a single limb (3), recall bias (3), exclusion of domains or items (3), construction of a PROM for a specific occasion (2), categorization of the scale (2), and mixing different versions of a PROM (1). Adaption of scale scores (e. g., to percentage) when results are reported (144) carries a risk of miscalculation and distorted impression of results. Data related to uncertainty about completing the PROM and the handling of missing data were not provided in the manuscripts. In conclusion, potential problems in the use and reporting of PROMs are common in sports research, and this can influence the validity of reported results.
使用不适当的患者报告结局测量（PROM）或不恰当地使用 PROM 可能会影响测量质量。本研究的目的是定义体育研究中 PROM 的潜在不当使用，并估计其发生频率。一个由医学研究人员、统计学家和心理测量学家组成的共识小组确定并定义了 PROM 的潜在不规则应用。审查了在使用 PROM 作为主要结局的 349 篇连续的运动医学文章中这些问题的发生情况。总共定义了 14 种不同的潜在问题，其中 172 篇文章（49%）存在一个或多个问题。这些问题如下：使用针对不同患者群体开发的 PROM（100 例）、使用具有相同问题的两个或多个 PROM（94 例）、聚合域总分（82 例）、主观和客观测量相结合（27 例）、使用 PROM 诊断或评估个体患者（7 例）、使用 PROM 评估单肢（3 例）、回忆偏倚（3 例）、排除域或项目（3 例）、为特定场合构建 PROM（2 例）、量表分类（2 例）和混合不同版本的 PROM（1 例）。当报告结果时，对量表分数进行调整（例如，转换为百分比）（144 例）存在计算错误和结果印象扭曲的风险。手稿中未提供与完成 PROM 有关的不确定性和缺失数据处理的数据。总之，体育研究中 PROM 的使用和报告中存在潜在问题，这可能会影响报告结果的有效性。
