Division of Endocrinology, Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Institute of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2021 Aug;70:29-35. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.10.007. Epub 2020 Nov 21.
Cancer cells acquire a diverse range of metabolic adaptations that support their enhanced rates of growth and proliferation. While these adaptations help tune metabolism to support higher anabolic output and bolster antioxidant defenses, they can also decrease metabolic flexibility and increase dependence on nutrient uptake versus de novo synthesis. Diet is the major source of nutrients that ultimately support tumor growth, yet the potential impact of diet is currently underutilized during the treatment of cancer. Here, we review several forms of dietary augmentation therapy including those that alter the content of food, such as energy or macronutrient restriction, and those that alter the timing of food consumption, like intermittent fasting regimens. We discuss how these dietary strategies can be combined with pharmacologic therapies to exaggerate the metabolic liabilities of different cancer types.
癌细胞获得了多种代谢适应，以支持其更高的生长和增殖速度。虽然这些适应有助于调节代谢以支持更高的合成代谢输出和增强抗氧化防御，但它们也可能降低代谢灵活性，并增加对营养摄取的依赖，而不是从头合成。饮食是支持肿瘤生长的营养物质的主要来源，但在癌症治疗过程中，饮食的潜在影响尚未得到充分利用。在这里，我们综述了几种饮食增强治疗方法，包括改变食物含量的方法，如能量或宏量营养素限制，以及改变食物摄入时间的方法，如间歇性禁食方案。我们讨论了这些饮食策略如何与药物治疗相结合，以夸大不同癌症类型的代谢缺陷。
