从转色期到收获前进行叶面施氮可改善葡萄和葡萄酒中的类黄酮、脂肪酸及脂肪族挥发物成分。
Foliar nitrogen application from veraison to preharvest improved flavonoids, fatty acids and aliphatic volatiles composition in grapes and wines.
作者信息
Cheng Xianghan, Ma Tingting, Wang Panpan, Liang Yanying, Zhang Junxiang, Zhang Ang, Chen Qianyi, Li Wanping, Ge Qian, Sun Xiangyu, Fang Yulin
机构信息
College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
School of Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
出版信息
Food Res Int. 2020 Nov;137:109566. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109566. Epub 2020 Jul 20.
This study investigated the effects of foliar nitrogen application from veraison to preharvest (FNVH) on flavonoids, fatty acids and aliphatic volatiles in Cabernet Sauvignon grapes and wines. Solutions with 69 and 138 mg N/plant phenylalanine (P1 and P2, respectively), 69 and 138 mg N/plant urea (U1 and U2, respectively), as well as an aqueous solution without nitrogen (CK), were sprayed three times from veraison to preharvest. U1, P1 had the highest anthocyanins and acylated anthocyanins contents in grapes, respectively. U1 and P2 showed great potential to promote the accumulation of flavonols and flavanols in grapes and wines. U2 increased the contents of almost all free aliphatic volatiles in grapes, while it didn't affect the undesirable smell, and increased the concentrations of fruity esters in wines instead. The study showed FNVH was a useful fertilization way for improving contents of flavonoids and fruity aroma in grapes and wines in deficit-nitrogen vineyards.
本研究调查了从转色期到采收前叶面施氮（FNVH）对赤霞珠葡萄和葡萄酒中黄酮类化合物、脂肪酸及脂肪族挥发物的影响。分别以每株69毫克氮和138毫克氮的苯丙氨酸溶液（分别为P1和P2）、每株69毫克氮和138毫克氮的尿素溶液（分别为U1和U2）以及无氮水溶液（CK），从转色期到采收前进行三次喷施。U1、P1分别使葡萄中花青素和酰化花青素含量最高。U1和P2在促进葡萄和葡萄酒中黄酮醇和黄烷醇积累方面具有巨大潜力。U2增加了葡萄中几乎所有游离脂肪族挥发物的含量，同时不影响不良气味，反而增加了葡萄酒中果香酯类的浓度。该研究表明，FNVH是一种在缺氮葡萄园提高葡萄和葡萄酒中黄酮类化合物含量及果香的有效施肥方式。
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