Department of Zoology, Genetics and Physical Anthropology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus de Lugo, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
Genomic Medicine Group, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Genes (Basel). 2020 Nov 20;11(11):1376. doi: 10.3390/genes11111376.
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) affect around 1.5% of the global population, which manifest alterations in communication and socialization, as well as repetitive behaviors or restricted interests. ASD is a complex disorder with known environmental and genetic contributors; however, ASD etiology is far from being clear. In the past decades, many efforts have been put into developing new models to study ASD, both in vitro and in vivo. These models have a lot of potential to help to validate some of the previously associated risk factors to the development of the disorder, and to test new potential therapies that help to alleviate ASD symptoms. The present review is focused on the recent advances towards the generation of models for the study of ASD, which would be a useful tool to decipher the bases of the disorder, as well as to conduct drug screenings that hopefully lead to the identification of useful compounds to help patients deal with the symptoms of ASD.
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）影响着全球约 1.5%的人口，其表现为沟通和社交能力的改变，以及重复行为或兴趣受限。ASD 是一种复杂的疾病，已知有环境和遗传因素的影响；然而，ASD 的病因还远未清楚。在过去的几十年中，人们做出了许多努力来开发新的模型，以研究 ASD，包括在体外和体内。这些模型具有很大的潜力，可以帮助验证一些先前与该疾病发展相关的风险因素，并测试新的潜在疗法，以帮助减轻 ASD 的症状。本综述集中讨论了 ASD 研究模型的最新进展，这将是一个有用的工具，可以深入了解该疾病的基础，并进行药物筛选，希望能找到有助于患者应对 ASD 症状的有用化合物。
