Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada.
Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1A3, Canada.
Oncogene. 2021 Jan;40(3):475-491. doi: 10.1038/s41388-020-01560-0. Epub 2020 Nov 24.
Breast cancer is associated with the second highest cancer-associated deaths worldwide. Therefore, understanding the key events that determine breast cancer progression, modulation of the tumor-microenvironment and metastasis, which is the main cause of cancer-associated death, are of great importance. The mammary specific polyomavirus middle T antigen overexpression mouse model (MMTV-PyMT), first published in 1992, is the most commonly used genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) for cancer research. Mammary lesions arising in MMTV-PyMT mice follow similar molecular and histological progression as human breast tumors, making it an invaluable tool for cancer researchers and instrumental in understanding tumor biology. In this review, we will highlight key studies that demonstrate the utility of PyMT derived GEMMs in understanding the molecular basis of breast cancer progression, metastasis and highlight its use as a pre-clinical tool for therapeutic discovery.
乳腺癌是全球癌症相关死亡的第二大主要原因。因此，了解决定乳腺癌进展、肿瘤微环境调节和转移的关键事件非常重要，而转移是癌症相关死亡的主要原因。乳腺特异性多瘤病毒中 T 抗原过表达小鼠模型（MMTV-PyMT）于 1992 年首次发表，是用于癌症研究的最常用的基因工程小鼠模型（GEMM）。MMTV-PyMT 小鼠中出现的乳腺病变遵循与人类乳腺肿瘤相似的分子和组织学进展，使其成为癌症研究人员的宝贵工具，并有助于理解肿瘤生物学。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍一些关键研究，这些研究证明了 PyMT 衍生的 GEMM 在理解乳腺癌进展、转移的分子基础方面的实用性，并强调其作为治疗发现的临床前工具的用途。
