Hassinger-Das Brenna, Dore Rebecca A, Aloisi Katherine, Hossain Maruf, Pearce Madeleine, Paterra Mark
Psychology Department, Pace University, New York, NY, United States.
Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
Front Psychol. 2020 Nov 5;11:570068. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.570068. eCollection 2020.
Even prior to the COVID-19 crisis, one of the children's most common screen activities was using the video-sharing platform YouTube, with many children preferring YouTube over television. The pandemic has significantly increased the amount of time many children spend on YouTube-watching videos for both entertainment and education. However, it is unclear how children conceptualize the people they see on YouTube. Prior to the pandemic, children 3-8 years old ( = 117) were recruited to participate. Children were told that they would see pictures taken from videos and answer questions about them. Children saw three physical photos with the same image of a man and a bird and were told that the photo was (a) from a video on the experimenter's phone, (b) from a video on television, or (c) from a video on YouTube. They were asked whether the person in the photo was real or not real, which video would be best for learning, and which video they would prefer to watch. Findings indicated that children were marginally less likely to believe that people on YouTube are real than people in a video on a phone, with no difference between beliefs about people on YouTube and television. Notably, these beliefs were similar across the age range tested here. Across all ages, children preferred to watch YouTube more than phone videos and believed that YouTube possessed greater educational value than both phone and television videos.
甚至在新冠疫情危机之前，儿童最常见的屏幕活动之一就是使用视频分享平台YouTube，许多儿童更喜欢YouTube而不是电视。疫情显著增加了许多儿童花在YouTube上的时间——观看视频用于娱乐和学习。然而，目前尚不清楚儿童如何看待他们在YouTube上看到的人。在疫情之前，招募了3至8岁的儿童（=117名）参与。孩子们被告知他们会看到从视频中截取的图片并回答关于这些图片的问题。孩子们看到三张实体照片，照片上是同一个男人和一只鸟的相同图像，并被告知照片（a）来自实验者手机上的视频，（b）来自电视上的视频，或（c）来自YouTube上的视频。他们被问及照片中的人是真实的还是不真实的，哪个视频最适合学习，以及他们更喜欢看哪个视频。研究结果表明，与手机视频中的人相比，孩子们不太相信YouTube上的人是真实的，而他们对YouTube上的人和电视上的人的看法没有差异。值得注意的是，在本文测试的年龄范围内，这些看法是相似的。在所有年龄段中，孩子们更喜欢看YouTube视频而不是手机视频，并且认为YouTube比手机和电视视频具有更大的教育价值。
