Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, C360, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2021 Feb;54(1):189-200. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2020.09.022.
Sensorineural hearing loss is caused by irreversible loss of auditory hair cells and/or neurons and is increasing in prevalence. Hair cells and neurons do not regenerate after damage, but novel regeneration therapies based on small molecule drugs, gene therapy, and cell replacement strategies offer promising therapeutic options. Endogenous and exogenous regeneration techniques are discussed in context of their feasibility for hair cell and neuron regeneration. Gene therapy and treatment of synaptopathy represent promising future therapies. Minimally invasive endoscopic ear surgery offers a viable approach to aid in delivery of pharmacologic compounds, cells, or viral vectors to the inner ear for all of these techniques.
感音神经性听力损失是由听觉毛细胞和/或神经元的不可逆转损失引起的，其患病率正在增加。毛细胞和神经元在受损后不会再生，但是基于小分子药物、基因治疗和细胞替代策略的新型再生治疗方法提供了有希望的治疗选择。本文讨论了内源性和外源性再生技术在毛细胞和神经元再生方面的可行性。基因治疗和突触病变治疗代表了很有前途的未来治疗方法。微创内镜耳部手术为将药物化合物、细胞或病毒载体递送到内耳提供了一种可行的方法，适用于所有这些技术。
