Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Zoonosis (GISAZ), Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de Córdoba (UCO), 14014 Córdoba, Spain; Grupo de Virología Clínica y Zoonosis, Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba (UCO), 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Zoonosis (GISAZ), Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de Córdoba (UCO), 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
Vet Microbiol. 2021 Jan;252:108927. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108927. Epub 2020 Nov 11.
Schmallenberg virus (SBV) is a newly emerged vector-borne pathogen that affects many domestic and wild animal species. A serosurvey was carried out to assess SBV exposure in zoo animals in Spain and to determine the dynamics of seropositivity in longitudinally sampled individuals. Between 2002 and 2019, sera from 278 animals belonging to 73 different species were collected from five zoos (A-E). Thirty-one of these animals were longitudinally sampled at three of these zoo parks during the study period. Seropositivity was detected in 28 (10.1 %) of 278 animals analyzed by blocking ELISA. Specific anti-SBV antibodies were confirmed in 20 (7.2 %; 95 %CI: 4.2-10.3) animals of six different species using virus neutralization test (VNT). The multiple logistic regression model showed that "order" (Artiodactyla) and "zoo provenance" (zoo B; southern Spain) were risk factors potentially associated with SBV exposure. Two (8.7 %) of the 31 longitudinally-sampled individuals showed specific antibodies against SBV at all samplings whereas seroconversion was detected in one mouflon (Ovis aries musimon) and one Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) in 2016 and 2019, respectively. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first surveillance conducted on SBV in zoos in Spain. The results confirm SBV exposure in zoo animals in this country and indicate circulation of the virus before the first Schmallenberg disease outbreak was reported in Spain. Surveillance in zoological parks could be a complementary approach to monitoring SBV activity. Further studies are warranted to assess the impact of this virus on the health status of susceptible zoo animals.
沙尔门贝格病毒（SBV）是一种新出现的经媒介传播的病原体，可影响许多家养和野生动物物种。本研究开展了一项血清学调查，以评估西班牙动物园动物中的 SBV 暴露情况，并确定纵向采样个体中的血清阳性率动态。在 2002 年至 2019 年期间，从五个动物园（A-E）的 73 种不同物种的 278 只动物中采集了血清。在此期间，其中 31 只动物在这三个动物园公园中进行了纵向采样。通过阻断 ELISA 分析，在 278 只动物中有 28 只（10.1%）检测到血清阳性。使用病毒中和试验（VNT）在六种不同物种的 20 只（7.2%；95%CI：4.2-10.3）动物中证实了针对 SBV 的特异性抗体。多元逻辑回归模型表明，“目”（偶蹄目）和“动物园来源”（西班牙南部的动物园 B）是与 SBV 暴露潜在相关的风险因素。31 只纵向采样个体中有 2 只（8.7%）在所有采样中均显示出针对 SBV 的特异性抗体，而在 2016 年和 2019 年，1 只摩弗伦羊（Ovis aries musimon）和 1 只亚洲象（Elephas maximus）中检测到血清转换。据作者所知，这是西班牙首次对动物园中的 SBV 进行监测。结果证实了该国动物园动物中的 SBV 暴露情况，并表明该病毒在西班牙首次报道沙尔门贝格病暴发之前就已在传播。在动物园中进行监测可能是监测 SBV 活动的一种补充方法。需要进一步研究来评估该病毒对易感动物园动物健康状况的影响。
