Plasma Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, United States.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, United States.
J Hazard Mater. 2021 Apr 15;408:124452. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124452. Epub 2020 Nov 16.
A bench-scale plasma reactor was used to degrade poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in landfill leachate samples obtained from three different locations. In the leachate samples before treatment, five long-chain, six short-chain perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) and eight PFAA precursors were detected in a wide concentration range (~10 to 10 ng/L; total oxidizable precursors (TOP) ~10 ng/L). The concentration of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) plus perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) ranged between 2000 and 3000 ng/L. Plasma-based water treatment of 500 mL samples resulted in faster removal rates for longer-chain than shorter chain length PFAAs. Both PFOS and PFOA were removed to below United States Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA's) health advisory concentration level (HAL) concentrations (<70 ng/L) in 10-75 min; 90% PFOA and PFOS removal was achieved in 10 min. Long-chain and short-chain PFAAs were removed by >99.9% and 10-99.9%, respectively. The removal rate constant (k) for combined PFOA and PFOS ranged between 0.20 and 0.34 min. Overall, 60 ± 2% of the TOP concentration and 34 ± 2% of the TOC were removed. No effect of non-PFAS co-contaminants (e.g., total initial organic carbon concentration ~2000 mg/L) on the degradation efficiency was observed. Short-chain PFAA removal efficacy was enhanced by adding a cationic surfactant (cetrimonium bromide). Overall, the results indicate that plasma-based technology may be a viable technology for the treatment of PFAS-contaminated landfill leachates.
采用台式等离子体反应器对取自三个不同地点的垃圾渗滤液样品中的多氟和全氟烷基物质（PFAS）进行降解。在处理前的渗滤液样品中，在较宽的浓度范围内（10 至 10 ng/L；总可氧化前体（TOP）10 ng/L）检测到 5 种长链、6 种短链全氟烷基酸（PFAAs）和 8 种 PFAAs 前体。全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）加全氟辛酸（PFOA）的浓度在 2000 至 3000 ng/L 之间。对 500 mL 样品进行等离子体水净化处理后，长链 PFAAs 的去除速率比短链 PFAAs 快。PFOS 和 PFOA 均在 10-75 min 内降至美国环保署（USEPA）健康建议浓度水平（HAL）以下（<70 ng/L）；10 min 内去除 90%的 PFOA 和 PFOS。长链和短链 PFAAs 的去除率分别大于 99.9%和 10-99.9%。组合 PFOA 和 PFOS 的去除率常数（k）范围在 0.20 至 0.34 min 之间。总体而言，TOP 浓度的 60±2%和 TOC 的 34±2%被去除。非 PFAS 共污染物（例如，总初始有机碳浓度约 2000 mg/L）对降解效率没有影响。添加阳离子表面活性剂（十六烷基三甲基溴化铵）可增强短链 PFAA 的去除效果。总体而言，研究结果表明，等离子体技术可能是处理 PFAS 污染垃圾渗滤液的一种可行技术。
