Momma Daisuke, Iwamoto Wataru, Endo Kaori, Sato Kazuki, Iwasaki Norimasa
Center for Sports Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
Institute for Integrated Sports Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2020 Nov 17;8(11):2325967120962103. doi: 10.1177/2325967120962103. eCollection 2020 Nov.
The distribution pattern of subchondral bone density is an indicator of stress distribution over a joint surface under long-term physiologic loading. The biomechanical characteristics of the articular surfaces of the shoulder joint in gymnasts can be determined by measuring this distribution pattern.
To evaluate the distribution of subchondral bone density across the shoulder joint in male collegiate gymnasts and to determine the effects of gymnastic activities on its articular surfaces under long-term loading conditions using computed tomography osteoabsorptiometry (CTOAM).
Descriptive laboratory study.
CT image data were obtained from both shoulders of 12 asymptomatic male collegiate gymnasts (gymnast group; mean age, 19.4 years; range, 18-22 years) and 10 male collegiate volunteers (control group; mean age, 20.2 years; range, 18-22 years). The distribution pattern of subchondral bone density across the articular surfaces of each shoulder joint was assessed by CTOAM. Quantitative analysis was performed of the locations and percentages of high-density areas on the articular surface.
Stress distribution patterns over the articular surfaces differed between the gymnasts and the controls. In the gymnasts, high-density areas were detected on the posterosuperior articular surface of the humeral head and the anterosuperior and/or posterosuperior articular surface of the glenoid. Mean bone density was greater in the gymnasts than in the controls ( < .0001).
Stress distribution over the articular surfaces of the shoulder joint was affected by gymnastic activities. Stress was concentrated over the superior part of the glenohumeral joint in male collegiate gymnasts.
The present findings suggest that gymnastic activities increase stress to the articular surfaces of the superior glenohumeral joint. This supports the notion that mechanical conditions play a crucial role in the origin of disorders particular to gymnastic activities.
软骨下骨密度的分布模式是长期生理负荷下关节表面应力分布的一个指标。通过测量这种分布模式，可以确定体操运动员肩关节关节面的生物力学特征。
使用计算机断层扫描骨吸收测量法（CTOAM）评估男性大学生体操运动员肩关节软骨下骨密度的分布情况，并确定长期负荷条件下体操活动对其关节面的影响。
描述性实验室研究。
从12名无症状男性大学生体操运动员（体操运动员组；平均年龄19.4岁；范围18 - 22岁）和10名男性大学生志愿者（对照组；平均年龄20.2岁；范围18 - 22岁）的双肩获取CT图像数据。通过CTOAM评估每个肩关节关节面软骨下骨密度的分布模式。对关节面上高密度区域的位置和百分比进行定量分析。
体操运动员和对照组关节面的应力分布模式不同。在体操运动员中，在肱骨头后上关节面以及肩胛骨关节盂的前上和/或后上关节面检测到高密度区域。体操运动员的平均骨密度高于对照组（P <.0001）。
体操活动影响肩关节关节面的应力分布。应力集中在男性大学生体操运动员盂肱关节的上部。
本研究结果表明，体操活动增加了盂肱关节上部关节面的应力。这支持了机械条件在体操活动特有的疾病起源中起关键作用的观点。
