FSBEI HE Northern State Medical University (Arkhangelsk) of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.
Klin Lab Diagn. 2020 Sep 17;65(10):632-637. doi: 10.18821/0869-2084-2020-65-10-632-637.
The profiles of oral streptococci sensitivity to antibacterial drugs may reflect information about the presence of macroorganism resistance determinants. The aim of the work was to isolate the spectrum of oral streptococci from the microbiota of the oral cavity of patients and to determine their sensitivity to a wide range of antibiotics. A total of 342 microbial streptococcal isolates were isolated from saliva samples and a periodontal pocket and tested for antibiotic sensitivity. Species identification of streptococci was carried out using biochemical API test systems. Evaluation of antibiotic resistance was performed using E-tests. Real-time PCR was used to identify the presence of tetracycline and macrolide resistance genes. The study identified six types of oral streptococci: S. oralis, S. salivarius, S. mitis, S. sanguinis, S. anginosus and S. mutans. All streptococci were sensitive to linezolid and meropenem. The proportion of penicillin-resistant streptococci in the subgroup S. oralis / mitis / mutans was 47,8% versus 23,5% in the subgroup S. salivarius / sanguinis / anginosus (p = 0.020). Significant levels of resistance were revealed to macrolides (erythromycin) - 47,9%, tetracyclines (tetracycline) - 44,4% and quinolones (ofloxacin) - 41%. Multiple drug resistance (MDR) was detected in 31,9% of oral streptococcal isolates, a combination of erythromycin, tetracycline and ofloxacin resistance was prevalent in 79 isolates (23,1%). The most common genotypes of macrolides and tetracycline resistant oral streptococci (in 127 streptococcal isolates with combined resistance) were ermB-mefE + and tetM + tetQ-, respectively. Thus, S. oralis / mitis / mutans group streptococci predominated in the structure of antibiotic-resistant oral streptococci, including MDR. So, being in one of the most densely populated biotopes of a macroorganism, oral streptococci can mediate the transfer of resistance determinants to more pathogenic and clinically significant microorganisms, which requires careful monitoring of their level of susceptibility to antimicrobial agents.
口腔链球菌对抗菌药物的敏感性特征可能反映了微生物体耐药决定因素的存在信息。本研究的目的是从患者口腔微生物群中分离口腔链球菌谱，并确定其对广泛抗生素的敏感性。从唾液样本和牙周袋中总共分离出 342 株微生物链球菌，并进行抗生素敏感性测试。链球菌的种属鉴定使用生化 API 测试系统进行。使用 E 试验进行抗生素耐药性评估。使用实时 PCR 鉴定四环素和大环内酯类耐药基因的存在。研究鉴定了六种口腔链球菌：S. oralis、S. salivarius、S. mitis、S. sanguinis、S. anginosus 和 S. mutans。所有链球菌均对利奈唑胺和美罗培南敏感。在 S. oralis/mitis/mutans 亚群中，青霉素耐药性链球菌的比例为 47.8%，而在 S. salivarius/sanguinis/anginosus 亚群中为 23.5%（p=0.020）。对大环内酯类（红霉素）、四环素类（四环素）和喹诺酮类（氧氟沙星）的耐药率分别为 47.9%、44.4%和 41%。在 31.9%的口腔链球菌分离物中检测到多药耐药性（MDR），79 株分离物（23.1%）中普遍存在红霉素、四环素和氧氟沙星耐药的组合。在 127 株联合耐药的链球菌中，最常见的大环内酯类和四环素类耐药口腔链球菌基因型分别为 ermB-mefE+和 tetM+tetQ-。因此，S. oralis/mitis/mutans 组链球菌在包括 MDR 在内的抗生素耐药口腔链球菌结构中占优势。因此，作为微生物体最密集的生物生境之一，口腔链球菌可以介导耐药决定因素转移到更具致病性和临床意义的微生物，这需要仔细监测其对抗菌药物的敏感性水平。
