Spray Research Group (SRG), School of Science, Engineering and Environment (SEE), University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, UK.
Spray Research Group (SRG), School of Science, Engineering and Environment (SEE), University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, UK.
Environ Int. 2021 Jan;146:106152. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106152. Epub 2020 Nov 25.
Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds (NMVOCs) from domestic aerosol sprays are emerging pollutants and have substantial negative effects on human health and the environment. This study, for the first time, carried out quantification of the NMVOC emissions from off-the-shelf domestic aerosol sprays, at "source" in the UK. These aerosol sprays contain harmful organic compounds as propellants and products. The results showed that the cosmetic category (i.e. body sprays) have higher concentrations of NMVOCs with 93.7 wt% per can compared to households (i.e. air fresheners) with 62 wt%. Also, water-based products showed less NMVOCs in all analyses compared to solvent-based formulations. Direct replacement of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) propellants from conventional products with 'clean air' (i.e. nitrogen) showed the potential emission reduction of 50%. Hair spray products, however, have the highest ozone forming potential with about 105.1 g of Ozone per litre of the product compared to other domestic aerosol sprays. The level of global warming contribution of the selected aerosol sprays in the UK was measured to be 129.8 ktCOe in 2018 and globally, this can be projected to be 3154.6 ktCOe in 2020. Furthermore, NMVOC emissions contribution from the domestic aerosol sprays in the UK was measured as 61.2 kt in 2018 based on annual consumption of 520 million cans. Globally this can equate to 1437.6 kt based on the projected usage of 17.5 billion cans. Therefore, it is vital to expedite replacing LPG propellant with nitrogen in a drive for a 'near-zero' emission in aerosol industry. The results presented in this study can also be used to steer policy makers to the potentially brewing danger from an otherwise passive emission source.
家用气溶胶喷雾产生的非甲烷挥发性有机化合物（NMVOC）是新兴污染物，对人类健康和环境有重大负面影响。本研究首次在英国对市售家用气溶胶喷雾的 NMVOC 排放进行了“源头”量化。这些气溶胶喷雾含有作为推进剂和产品的有害有机化合物。结果表明，与家庭（空气清新剂）相比，化妆品类（如身体喷雾）的 NMVOC 浓度更高，每罐 93.7wt%；而水基产品在所有分析中 NMVOC 含量均低于溶剂基配方。用“清洁空气”（即氮气）直接替代传统产品中的液化石油气（LPG）推进剂，显示出潜在的减排 50%。然而，与其他家用气溶胶喷雾相比，发胶产品的臭氧形成潜力最高，每升产品约产生 105.1g 臭氧。2018 年，在英国测量选定气溶胶喷雾对全球变暖的贡献水平为 129.8ktCOe，而全球范围内，这一数字预计在 2020 年将达到 3154.6ktCOe。此外，2018 年英国家用气溶胶喷雾的 NMVOC 排放量为 61.2kt，基于每年 5.2 亿罐的消耗量。基于全球预计 175 亿罐的使用量，这一数字在全球范围内可能达到 1437.6kt。因此，在气溶胶行业推进“近零”排放的努力中，用氮气替代 LPG 推进剂至关重要。本研究的结果还可以为决策者提供指导，使其注意到这一潜在的、来自被动排放源的潜在危险。
