Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Fish Immunopharmacology, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Feb 25;757:143831. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143831. Epub 2020 Nov 21.
Hydrogen peroxide (HO) is a stable reactive oxygen species (ROS) in aquatic environment, and high concentration of ambient HO may directly or indirectly affect aquatic animal health. However, the response mechanism of fish to ambient HO has not been well studied yet. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the immune, inflammatory, autophagic and DNA damage responses to long-term HO exposure in different tissues of common carp. The results showed that HO exposure induced a significant immune response, with alterations in the levels of immune parameters including AKP, ACP, LZM, C3, HSP90 and HSP70 in different tissues. The inflammatory response evoked by HO exposure was associated with the activations of TLRs and NF-κB (P65) in the majority of tested tissues. The autophagy process was significantly affected by HO exposure, evidenced by the upregulations of the autophagy-related genes in liver, gills, muscle, intestines, heart and spleen and the downregulations in kidney. Meanwhile, the mRNA level of atm, a primary transducer of DNA damage response, was upregulated in liver, gills, intestines and spleen, and the DNA damage was evidenced by increased 8-OHdG level in intestines after HO exposure. Moreover, cell cycle regulation-related genes, including cyclin A1, B and/or E1, highly expressed in all tested tissues except heart after HO exposure. Interestingly, IBR analysis exhibited that immune, inflammatory, autophagic and DNA damage responses to HO exposure were in a dose-dependent and tissue-specific manner. These data may contribute to understanding HO toxicity for fish and assessing potential risk of HO in aquatic environment.
过氧化氢（HO）是水生环境中一种稳定的活性氧物质（ROS），环境中高浓度的 HO 可能直接或间接影响水生动物的健康。然而，鱼类对环境 HO 的反应机制尚未得到很好的研究。因此，本研究旨在研究长期 HO 暴露对鲤鱼不同组织的免疫、炎症、自噬和 DNA 损伤反应。结果表明，HO 暴露诱导了显著的免疫反应，改变了 AKP、ACP、LZM、C3、HSP90 和 HSP70 等免疫参数在不同组织中的水平。HO 暴露引起的炎症反应与大多数测试组织中 TLRs 和 NF-κB（P65）的激活有关。自噬过程受到 HO 暴露的显著影响，肝脏、鳃、肌肉、肠道、心脏和脾脏中的自噬相关基因上调，肾脏中的自噬相关基因下调。同时，肝脏、鳃、肠道和脾脏中 atm 的 mRNA 水平上调，atm 是 DNA 损伤反应的主要传感器，HO 暴露后肠道中 8-OHdG 水平升高，表明 DNA 损伤。此外，细胞周期调控相关基因，包括 cyclin A1、B 和/或 E1，在除心脏以外的所有测试组织中高表达。有趣的是，IBR 分析表明，免疫、炎症、自噬和 DNA 损伤对 HO 暴露的反应呈剂量依赖性和组织特异性。这些数据可能有助于理解 HO 对鱼类的毒性，并评估 HO 在水生环境中的潜在风险。
