Puymirat J
Laboratoire de neuroendocrinologie cellulaire, Collège de France, Paris.
Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 1987;48(5):352-5.
Hypothalamic cell cultures represent a suitable model for studying the role of hormones during the development of the hypothalamus. In vitro studies have shown that oestradiol increases the neurite length in some hypothalamic nuclei and the number of LH-RH neurons. Triiodothyronine had no effect on the number of neurons but controlled the size and the neurite length of hypothalamic dopaminergic neurons. In contrast, mesencephalic DA neurons are regulated differently by T3. The effects of hormones in culture are correlated with the presence of specific nuclear binding sites. At last, serum-free cultures have demonstrated the importance of the interaction between hormones (T3, corticosterone) and others diffusible factors (polyunsaturated fatty acids) on the potassium evoked release of thyroliberin and on the maturation of synapses.
下丘脑细胞培养是研究激素在下丘脑发育过程中作用的合适模型。体外研究表明，雌二醇可增加某些下丘脑核中的神经突长度以及促黄体生成素释放激素（LH-RH）神经元的数量。三碘甲状腺原氨酸对神经元数量没有影响，但可控制下丘脑多巴胺能神经元的大小和神经突长度。相比之下，中脑多巴胺能神经元受三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）的调节方式不同。激素在培养物中的作用与特定核结合位点的存在相关。最后，无血清培养已证明激素（T3、皮质酮）与其他可扩散因子（多不饱和脂肪酸）之间的相互作用对钾诱发的促甲状腺素释放以及突触成熟的重要性。
