Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação (LAFISC), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratório de Patologia Experimental (LAPEx), Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, UFMS, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação (LAFISC), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Chemosphere. 2021 Mar;266:129014. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129014. Epub 2020 Nov 18.
The liver of anurans play an important role in metabolism, including detoxification, the biotransformation of molecules, and the storage of metabolites. Surfactants are part of domestic and industrial effluents. The effects of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) on anuran liver remain unknown, however, some studies have evaluated the effects of LAS on the skin, gills, heart, testes, and liver of fishes. Here, we tested the hypothesis that LAS is hepatotoxic, promoting morphometric alterations in hepatocytes along with inflammation in the tissue, altering hepatic catabolism. We evaluated the effects of a LAS concentration that is considered environmentally safe in Brazilian inland waters on the liver of Lithobates catesbeianus tadpoles, including studies on morphology, morphometry, immunology, and metabolism. LAS exposure promoted enlargement of liver sinusoids and vacuolization of hepatocytes. Exposure to LAS also increased the area of mast cells and melanomacrophages (MMs). Additionally, LAS exposure increased hemosiderin inside MMs, suggesting alterations in the catabolism and storage of iron. Hepatocyte size increased after exposure to LAS, suggesting cytotoxic effects. Integrative analyses (i.e., morphometric, metabolic, and immunological) demonstrated hepatotoxic effects of LAS. These types of studies are key to understanding the negative effects of these substances on tadpole health, as these liver alterations impair anuran homeostasis.
两栖动物的肝脏在新陈代谢中起着重要作用，包括解毒、分子的生物转化和代谢物的储存。表面活性剂是家庭和工业废水的一部分。然而，一些研究已经评估了直链烷基苯磺酸盐 (LAS) 对两栖动物肝脏的影响，有些研究评估了 LAS 对鱼类皮肤、鳃、心脏、睾丸和肝脏的影响。在这里，我们检验了这样一个假设，即 LAS 具有肝毒性，会导致肝细胞的形态发生变化，并引发组织炎症，改变肝脏的分解代谢。我们评估了一种在巴西内陆水域被认为环境安全的 LAS 浓度对 Lithobates catesbeianus 蝌蚪肝脏的影响，包括形态学、形态计量学、免疫学和代谢方面的研究。LAS 暴露会导致肝窦扩张和肝细胞空泡化。LAS 暴露还增加了肥大细胞和黑色素吞噬细胞（MMs）的面积。此外，LAS 暴露会导致 MMs 内的含铁血黄素增加，表明铁的分解代谢和储存发生了变化。LAS 暴露后肝细胞大小增加，表明其具有细胞毒性。综合分析（即形态计量学、代谢和免疫学）表明 LAS 具有肝毒性作用。这些类型的研究对于理解这些物质对蝌蚪健康的负面影响至关重要，因为这些肝脏变化会损害两栖动物的体内平衡。
