Abdominal Center, Transplantation and Liver Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Am J Transplant. 2021 May;21(5):1848-1856. doi: 10.1111/ajt.16421. Epub 2021 Feb 19.
Seasonal influenza causes morbidity and mortality after organ transplantation. We quantified the detection of laboratory-confirmed influenza among kidney transplant recipients compared to the general population in a nationwide cohort. All laboratory-confirmed cases of influenza and hospitalizations due to influenza among all kidney transplant recipients in our country between 1995 and 2017 were captured with database linkage from statutory national registries. Data from the general population of Finland, population 5.5 million, were used for comparisons. Annual incidences of influenza and hospitalizations due to influenza, and standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated. Altogether 3904 kidney transplant recipients with a total follow-up of 37 175 patient-years were included. Incidence of laboratory-confirmed influenza was 9.0 per 1000 patient years in 2003-2019, and 18.0 per 1000 patient years during 2015-2019. The risk of laboratory-confirmed influenza was significantly higher among kidney transplant recipients compared to the general population (SIR 5.1, 95% CI 4.5-5.7). SIR for hospitalization due to influenza was 4.4 (95% CI 3.4-4.7). Mortality of the hospitalized patients was 9%, and 5% of the patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza. Detection of laboratory-confirmed influenza is increased fivefold and risk of hospitalization due to influenza more than fourfold among kidney transplant recipients compared to the general population.
季节性流感可导致器官移植后发病和死亡。我们定量比较了全国性队列中肾移植受者与普通人群中经实验室确认的流感检出率。通过对法定国家登记处的数据库进行链接，捕获了 1995 年至 2017 年间我国所有肾移植受者中经实验室确认的流感和因流感住院的所有病例。使用芬兰 550 万人口的普通人群数据进行比较。计算了流感的年发病率和因流感住院的发病率以及标准化发病率比（SIR）。共纳入 3904 名肾移植受者，总随访时间为 37175 患者年。2003-2019 年经实验室确认的流感发病率为每 1000 患者年 9.0 例，2015-2019 年为每 1000 患者年 18.0 例。与普通人群相比，肾移植受者经实验室确认的流感风险明显更高（SIR 5.1，95%CI 4.5-5.7）。因流感住院的 SIR 为 4.4（95%CI 3.4-4.7）。住院患者的死亡率为 9%，经实验室确认流感的患者为 5%。与普通人群相比，肾移植受者中经实验室确认的流感检出率增加了五倍，因流感住院的风险增加了四倍以上。
