Zhang Xiaowei, Liang Yuanyuan, Ni Chunjun, Li Yongjin
College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, People's Republic of China.
College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, People's Republic of China.
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2021 Jan;118:111411. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111411. Epub 2020 Aug 22.
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) porous membranes have been widely used as the filtration and separation industry. Herein, novel microfiltration membranes based on 1-vinyl-3-butylimidazolium chloride ([VBIm][Cl]) grafted PVDF (PVDF-g-[VBIm][Cl]) were prepared via the non-solvent induced phase separation method. The chemical composition and microstructure of PVDF-g-[VBIm][Cl] membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy and Water contact angle measurements. The results showed that an increasing in [VBIm][Cl] grafting content leads to the increasing hydrophilicity and wetting capacity of the PVDF-g-[VBIm][Cl] porous membranes. The anti-biofouling properties of membranes were evaluated by measuring the water flux before and after Bovine serum albumin solution treatment. It was found that the modified membranes presented a good anti-biofouling property. The degree of irreversible flux loss caused by protein adsorption dramatically reduced from 42.1% to 2.9% compared with the pristine hydrophobic PVDF membranes. Meanwhile, these PVDF-g-[VBIm][Cl] membranes also exhibited excellent bactericidal properties against both gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus saureus and gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, while PVDF membranes did not show any antibacterial activity. The vitro biocompatibility of the modified membranes was studied by hemolysis analysis, the platelet adhesion observation, thromboelastography assay and cytotoxicity assay. It was found that the incorporation of [VBIm][Cl] into PVDF membranes has less effect on the hemolysis and cytotoxicity of PVDF membranes. Furthermore, both hydrophilicity and charges of the membrane surface played important role in the adhesion and activation of platelet cells, which consequently affected the clotting process of whole blood. The membrane with appropriate [VBIm][Cl] grafting ratio (2.94 wt.%) exhibited good hemocompatibility with less blood coagulation effect. As an ultrafiltration membrane, PVDF-g-[VBIm][Cl] membranes have potential applications in the biomedical field due to the improved antibacterial property and biocompatibility.
聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）多孔膜已在过滤和分离行业中得到广泛应用。在此，通过非溶剂诱导相分离法制备了基于接枝1-乙烯基-3-丁基咪唑氯盐（[VBIm][Cl]）的新型聚偏氟乙烯微滤膜（PVDF-g-[VBIm][Cl]）。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线光电子能谱、扫描电子显微镜和水接触角测量对PVDF-g-[VBIm][Cl]膜的化学成分和微观结构进行了表征。结果表明，[VBIm][Cl]接枝量的增加导致PVDF-g-[VBIm][Cl]多孔膜的亲水性和润湿性增强。通过测量牛血清白蛋白溶液处理前后的水通量来评估膜的抗生物污染性能。结果发现，改性膜具有良好的抗生物污染性能。与原始疏水性PVDF膜相比，蛋白质吸附引起的不可逆通量损失程度从42.1%大幅降低至2.9%。同时，这些PVDF-g-[VBIm][Cl]膜对革兰氏阳性菌金黄色葡萄球菌和革兰氏阴性菌大肠杆菌均表现出优异的杀菌性能，而PVDF膜未表现出任何抗菌活性。通过溶血分析、血小板黏附观察、血栓弹性图测定和细胞毒性测定研究了改性膜的体外生物相容性。结果发现，将[VBIm][Cl]引入PVDF膜对PVDF膜的溶血和细胞毒性影响较小。此外，膜表面的亲水性和电荷在血小板细胞的黏附和活化中起重要作用，从而影响全血的凝血过程。具有适当[VBIm][Cl]接枝率（2.94 wt.%）的膜表现出良好的血液相容性，凝血作用较小。作为超滤膜，PVDF-g-[VBIm][Cl]膜由于抗菌性能和生物相容性的提高，在生物医学领域具有潜在的应用价值。
