Ratti Stefano, Lonetti Annalisa, Follo Matilde Y, Paganelli Francesca, Martelli Alberto M, Chiarini Francesca, Evangelisti Camilla
Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Giorgio Prodi Cancer Research Center, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti, 11, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
Cancers (Basel). 2020 Nov 24;12(12):3498. doi: 10.3390/cancers12123498.
B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is a hematologic malignancy that arises from the clonal expansion of transformed B-cell precursors and predominately affects childhood. Even though significant progresses have been made in the treatment of B-ALL, pediatric patients' outcome has to be furtherly increased and alternative targeted treatment strategies are required for younger patients. Over the last decade, novel approaches have been used to understand the genomic landscape and the complexity of the molecular biology of pediatric B-ALL, mainly next generation sequencing, offering important insights into new B-ALL subtypes, altered pathways, and therapeutic targets that may lead to improved risk stratification and treatments. Here, we will highlight the up-to-date knowledge of the novel B-ALL subtypes in childhood, with particular emphasis on altered signaling pathways. In addition, we will discuss the targeted therapies that showed promising results for the treatment of the different B-ALL subtypes.
B 细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病（B-ALL）是一种血液系统恶性肿瘤，起源于转化的 B 细胞前体的克隆性扩增，主要影响儿童。尽管在 B-ALL 的治疗方面取得了显著进展，但儿科患者的治疗效果仍需进一步提高，年轻患者需要替代的靶向治疗策略。在过去十年中，已采用新方法来了解儿科 B-ALL 的基因组格局和分子生物学复杂性，主要是下一代测序，这为新的 B-ALL 亚型、改变的信号通路和治疗靶点提供了重要见解，可能会改善风险分层和治疗。在此，我们将重点介绍儿童新型 B-ALL 亚型的最新知识，特别强调改变的信号通路。此外，我们将讨论在不同 B-ALL 亚型治疗中显示出有前景结果的靶向疗法。
