Gardela Jaume, Jauregi-Miguel Amaia, Martinez Cristina A, Rodríguez-Martinez Heriberto, López-Béjar Manel, Álvarez-Rodríguez Manuel
Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Division of Children's and Women Health (BKH), Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linköping University, 58185 Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Nov 25;10(12):2207. doi: 10.3390/ani10122207.
The maternal environment modulates immune responses to facilitate embryo development and ensure pregnancy. Unraveling this modulation could improve the livestock breeding systems. Here it is hypothesized that the exposure of the female rabbit reproductive tract to semen, as well as to early embryos, modulates inflammation and angiogenesis among different tissue segments. qPCR analysis of the gene expression changes of the anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL10) and transforming growth factor beta family (TGFβ1-3) and the angiogenesis mediator vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) were examined in response to mating or insemination with sperm-free seminal plasma (SP). Reproductive tract segment (cervix to infundibulum) samples were obtained in Experiment 1, 20 h after gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation (control), natural mating (NM) or vaginal infusion with sperm-free SP (SP-AI). Additionally, segmented samples were also obtained at 10, 24, 36, 68 or 72 h after GnRH-stimulation and natural mating (Experiment 2). The results of gene expression, analyzed by quantitative PCR, showed that NM effects were mainly localized in the uterine tissues, depicting clear temporal variation, while SP-AI effects were restricted to the oviduct. Changes in anti-inflammatory and angiogenesis mediators indicate an early response in the uterus and a late modulation in the oviduct either induced by semen or preimplantation embryos. This knowledge could be used in the implementation of physiological strategies in breeding systems to face the new challenges on rabbit productivity and sustainability.
母体环境调节免疫反应以促进胚胎发育并确保妊娠。揭示这种调节作用可以改善家畜繁殖系统。本文假设雌性兔生殖道暴露于精液以及早期胚胎会调节不同组织段的炎症和血管生成。通过定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）分析了抗炎性白细胞介素-10（IL10）、转化生长因子β家族（TGFβ1 - 3）以及血管生成介质血管内皮生长因子（VEGF - A）的基因表达变化，以响应与无精子精浆（SP）进行交配或授精。在实验1中，于促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）刺激（对照）、自然交配（NM）或经阴道注入无精子SP（SP - AI）20小时后，获取生殖道段（从子宫颈到漏斗部）样本。此外，在实验2中，于GnRH刺激和自然交配后10、24、36、68或72小时也获取了分段样本。通过定量PCR分析的基因表达结果显示，自然交配的影响主要局限于子宫组织，呈现出明显的时间变化，而无精子精浆授精的影响则局限于输卵管。抗炎和血管生成介质的变化表明，精液或植入前胚胎可诱导子宫早期反应以及输卵管后期调节。这一知识可用于在繁殖系统中实施生理策略，以应对家兔生产力和可持续性方面的新挑战。
