Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Nov 25;21(23):8933. doi: 10.3390/ijms21238933.
Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic homeostatic process, crucial for cell survival. It has been shown that autophagy can modulate different cardiovascular pathologies, including vascular calcification (VCN).
To assess how modulation of autophagy, either through induction or inhibition, affects vascular and valvular calcification and to determine the therapeutic applicability of inducing autophagy.
A systematic review of English language articles using MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science (WoS) and the Cochrane library. The search terms included autophagy, autolysosome, mitophagy, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-phagy, lysosomal, calcification and calcinosis. Study characteristics: Thirty-seven articles were selected based on pre-defined eligibility criteria. Thirty-three studies (89%) studied vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification of which 27 (82%) studies investigated autophagy and six (18%) studies lysosomal function in VCN. Four studies (11%) studied aortic valve calcification (AVCN). Thirty-four studies were published in the time period 2015-2020 (92%).
There is compelling evidence that both autophagy and lysosomal function are critical regulators of VCN, which opens new perspectives for treatment strategies. However, there are still challenges to overcome, such as the development of more selective pharmacological agents and standardization of methods to measure autophagic flux.
自噬是一种高度保守的分解代谢稳态过程，对细胞存活至关重要。已经表明，自噬可以调节不同的心血管病理，包括血管钙化（VCN）。
评估自噬的调节（通过诱导或抑制）如何影响血管和瓣膜钙化，并确定诱导自噬的治疗适用性。
使用 MEDLINE/PubMed、Web of Science（WoS）和 Cochrane 图书馆对英文文献进行系统评价。搜索词包括自噬、自溶体、线粒体自噬、内质网（ER）自噬、溶酶体、钙化和钙沉着。研究特征：根据预先确定的合格标准，选择了 37 篇文章。33 项研究（89%）研究了血管平滑肌细胞（VSMC）钙化，其中 27 项（82%）研究了自噬，6 项（18%）研究了 VCN 中的溶酶体功能。4 项研究（11%）研究了主动脉瓣钙化（AVCN）。34 项研究发表于 2015-2020 年期间（92%）。
有强有力的证据表明，自噬和溶酶体功能都是 VCN 的关键调节因子，这为治疗策略开辟了新的前景。然而，仍然存在需要克服的挑战，例如开发更具选择性的药物和标准化测量自噬通量的方法。
