J Phys Act Health. 2021 Jan 1;18(1):94-108. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2020-0334. Epub 2020 Dec 1.
Despite the known risks of physical inactivity, only 50% of adults meet the recommended guidelines for physical activity (PA). Therefore, numerous interventions have been designed to increase PA across a lifespan. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the effectiveness of interventions based on the transtheoretical model to improve PA in healthy adults.
Electronic databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection, PsycINFO, Sociological Collection, and SPORTDiscus) were systematically searched from January 2001 to May 2020.
A total of 11 randomized pretest-posttest studies were included in this review. Ten studies utilized a subjective measurement of PA, and 3 studies included an objective measure. Five studies demonstrated significant improvements in PA for the transtheoretical model-based intervention groups compared with control/comparison groups; however, 6 studies demonstrated no differences between groups.
The findings suggest that there is inconsistent evidence to support the use of interventions based on the transtheoretical model to improve PA in adult populations. Interventions were more successful when materials were delivered via in-person counseling and when study participants were in the precontemplation or contemplation phases at baseline.
尽管人们已经认识到缺乏身体活动会带来风险，但只有 50%的成年人达到了身体活动（PA）的推荐指南。因此，已经设计了许多干预措施来增加全生命周期的身体活动。本系统评价的目的是确定基于跨理论模型的干预措施在提高健康成年人身体活动方面的有效性。
系统地检索了电子数据库（CINAHL、MEDLINE、心理学和行为科学收藏、PsycINFO、社会学收藏和 SPORTDiscus），检索时间为 2001 年 1 月至 2020 年 5 月。
本综述共纳入 11 项随机前后测试研究。其中 10 项研究使用了身体活动的主观测量，3 项研究包括了客观测量。与对照组相比，基于跨理论模型的干预组中有 5 项研究显示出身体活动的显著改善，但 6 项研究显示出组间无差异。
这些发现表明，基于跨理论模型的干预措施在提高成年人群体身体活动方面的证据并不一致。当材料通过面对面咨询提供时，以及当研究参与者在基线时处于前思考或思考阶段时，干预措施更为成功。
